Nursing Elites

1. Which organ is involved in the immune system?

• A. Heart
• B. Bronchi
• C. Appendix
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Appendix. The appendix is now known to play a role in the immune system by housing beneficial bacteria that aid in maintaining gut health and supporting immune responses. This organ contributes to overall immune function. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as the heart, bronchi, and esophagus are not primarily associated with the immune system.

2. Which mineral supports the function of the thyroid?

• A. Manganese
• B. Iodine
• C. Phosphorus
• D. Zinc

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iodine is the mineral that supports the function of the thyroid. The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce thyroid hormones, which are essential for regulating metabolism and other important bodily functions. A deficiency in iodine can lead to thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism or goiter. Manganese (Choice A), Phosphorus (Choice C), and Zinc (Choice D) do not play a direct role in supporting the thyroid function like iodine does. While these minerals are important for various bodily functions, they are not specifically required for the thyroid gland's hormone production.

3. What is the primary function of the pancreas in digestion?

• A. To absorb nutrients
• B. To secrete digestive enzymes
• C. To produce bile
• D. To store glucose

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To secrete digestive enzymes. The pancreas plays a crucial role in digestion by secreting digestive enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. These enzymes help in the process of breaking down food particles into smaller molecules that can be easily absorbed by the body for nutrients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the primary function of the pancreas is not to absorb nutrients, produce bile, or store glucose in digestion.

4. What type of joint is found in the elbow?

• A. Ball and socket joint
• B. Hinge joint
• C. Pivot joint
• D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is a hinge joint. The elbow joint is a hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension movements, much like the movement of a door hinge. This type of joint permits movement in one plane, similar to the action of opening and closing a door. The other choices are incorrect: A) Ball and socket joints allow for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, such as the hip and shoulder joints. C) Pivot joints allow rotation around a single axis, like the joint at the top of the neck that allows the head to turn from side to side. D) Saddle joints are found in the thumb and have a biaxial range of motion allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.

5. Which of these can provide significant protein to a person on a vegan diet?

• A. Eggs
• B. Fish
• C. Tofu
• D. Leafy greens

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tofu is a plant-based source of protein that can provide a significant amount of protein to a person on a vegan diet. It is made from soybeans and is a versatile ingredient that can be used in various dishes to increase protein intake. Tofu is a good option for vegans looking to meet their protein needs. Eggs and fish are not suitable for a vegan diet as they are animal products. While leafy greens do contain some protein, they are not considered a significant protein source compared to tofu.

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