Nursing Elites

1. Which organ is involved in the immune system?

• A. Heart
• B. Bronchi
• C. Appendix
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Appendix. The appendix is now known to play a role in the immune system by housing beneficial bacteria that aid in maintaining gut health and supporting immune responses. This organ contributes to overall immune function. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as the heart, bronchi, and esophagus are not primarily associated with the immune system.

2. Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?

• A. In the digestive system
• B. In the nervous system
• C. In the skeletal system
• D. In the muscular system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia found in the peripheral nervous system. They are responsible for producing the myelin sheath around axons of neurons, which helps with the conduction of nerve impulses. Therefore, Schwann cells are typically found in the nervous system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Schwann cells are specifically associated with the nervous system and are not found in the digestive, skeletal, or muscular systems.

3. What type of tissue forms the outer layer of the skin?

• A. Connective tissue
• B. Epithelial tissue
• C. Muscle tissue
• D. Nervous tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Epithelial tissue is the correct answer. It forms the outer layer of the skin, serving as a protective barrier against pathogens and environmental damage. This tissue type is essential for maintaining skin integrity and plays a crucial role in skin function. Connective tissue (Choice A), although important for providing support and structure, does not form the outer layer of the skin. Muscle tissue (Choice C) is responsible for movement and is not the primary tissue in the skin. Nervous tissue (Choice D) is involved in transmitting signals but is not the main component of the skin's outer layer.

4. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, and no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?

• A. Epithelial
• B. Connective
• C. Muscle
• D. Cartilage

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Epithelial.' Epithelial tissue is characterized by cells that cover internal and external surfaces, such as the lining of the stomach. It lacks an extracellular matrix, has tall and thin cells, and does not contain blood vessels. The other choices are incorrect because connective tissue typically has an extracellular matrix, muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells, and cartilage is a type of connective tissue with a specific extracellular matrix and cell arrangement.

5. Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

• A. Smooth muscle
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Skeletal muscle
• D. Cardiac muscle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, allowing conscious regulation for activities like walking and lifting. This type of muscle is attached to bones and is responsible for movement in the body. Smooth muscle (Choice A) is involuntary and found in organs like the stomach and intestines. Cardiac muscle (Choice B and D) is also involuntary and specific to the heart, contracting rhythmically to pump blood, but it is not under conscious control.

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