Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following stories' messages is significantly distorted through the use of an irrelevant detail?

• A. A soft profile about a local politician's part-time rock band that mentions his political differences with his bandmates
• B. A feature story of a local business owner running for political office in which she admits to having employed illegal laborers
• C. A profile of several local Jewish and Arab business leaders that mentions ongoing hostilities in the Middle East
• D. A news report about a local citizen protesting property tax rates that includes details about an immigration violation he committed twenty years previously

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. In the news report about a local citizen protesting property tax rates that includes details about an immigration violation he committed twenty years previously, the irrelevant detail about the immigration violation distracts from the main message of the protest against property tax rates. The inclusion of this detail shifts the focus away from the citizen's current concerns and the reasons for his protest, thus distorting the story's message. Choices A, B, and C do not include irrelevant details that significantly distort the main messages of the stories. Choice A mentions political differences with bandmates but still focuses on the politician's part-time rock band. Choice B discusses the employment of illegal laborers but remains centered on the business owner's political aspirations. Choice C talks about ongoing hostilities in the Middle East but does not veer away from the main focus on the local Jewish and Arab business leaders.

2. Which of the following sentences contains an opinion on the part of the author?

• A. James was recognized as a practicing Catholic, and his commitment to Catholicism would prove to be his downfall.
• B. James' son King Charles I proved to be less committed to the Protestant Church of England.
• C. The movement was soundly defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, and England and Scotland have remained ostensibly Protestant ever since.
• D. Scholars in the 21st century are far too hasty in dismissing the role of religion in political disputes, but religion undoubtedly played a role in the problems that faced England and Scotland.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The sentence in answer choice D expresses the opinion of the author by suggesting that scholars in the 21st century are hasty in dismissing the role of religion in political disputes. This opinion is presented without factual evidence or support within the passage, making it an opinion rather than a statement based on information provided in the text. Choice A simply states facts about James being a practicing Catholic and how it affected him, without expressing any opinion. Choice B also presents a factual statement about King Charles I's commitment to the Protestant Church of England. Choice C provides historical information about the Battle of Culloden and the religious state of England and Scotland, without any opinion from the author.

3. Which of the following statements based on the passage should be considered an opinion?

• A. Julia’s boss asked her to help one of her coworkers with work.
• B. Julia was late to work due to traffic.
• C. It was irresponsible for Julia to leave work early.
• D. Julia was tired because she’d been woken up early.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement 'It was irresponsible for Julia to leave work early' is an opinion because it reflects a judgment or evaluation of Julia's actions, rather than stating a fact. The other statements (A, B, D) provide factual information about events that occurred in the passage. Option A states a fact about Julia being asked by her boss; option B explains the reason for Julia being late; option D provides a reason for Julia feeling tired. These are not opinions but rather statements of events or circumstances.

4. What is implied by the following sentence? It is hoped the wounds may not be mortal. My apprehension is that they will prove fatal.

• A. Those involved are hopeful for a positive outcome.
• B. There is no hope that Seward or Lincoln will recover from their wounds.
• C. The writer is pessimistic about whether Seward will recover from his wounds.
• D. The writer is doubtful about the legitimacy of accounts regarding the night's events.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sentence 'My apprehension is that they will prove fatal' indicates that the writer is pessimistic about Seward's recovery from his wounds. This implies a lack of hope or certainty about the outcome, suggesting a negative view on the situation. Choice A is incorrect because the sentence does not refer to all involved parties being hopeful. Choice B is incorrect as it is too extreme, stating there is no hope for recovery. Choice D is incorrect as there is no indication in the sentence that the writer doubts the legitimacy of the accounts.

5. What is one way the author specifies that a person can try to be aware of their consumption of water and energy?

• A. Food that remains on your plate is a wasted resource, and you can always go back for a second helping.
• B. Locally grown food and other products manufactured within your community are the best choices.
• C. Don’t leave appliances or chargers plugged in when not in use.
• D. Participation begins with our everyday choices.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The author specifically mentions in the passage that individuals should unplug appliances and chargers when not in use to reduce energy consumption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the action of being aware of water and energy consumption. Choice A discusses food waste, choice B focuses on sustainable products and locally grown food, and choice D talks about participation in general without focusing on energy or water consumption.

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