Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements about heat engines is true?

• A. Heat engines are the most common type of engine.
• B. Pneumatic and hydraulic motors are both types of electric engines.
• C. The three types of engines are heat engines, electric engines, and pneumatic motors.
• D. Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The statement that 'Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines' is correct. Heat engines can indeed be categorized into combustion engines, where fuel combustion occurs, and non-combustion engines, such as steam engines, where heat is applied without combustion. This categorization helps in understanding the different mechanisms and types of heat engines available. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect as heat engines are not the most common type of engine; internal combustion engines are more prevalent. Choice B is incorrect as pneumatic and hydraulic motors are not types of electric engines, but rather different systems that use gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) to transmit power. Choice C is incorrect as it lists electric engines, which are not a primary classification of engines like heat engines, but rather a type of engine that uses electricity to operate.

2. Which sentence avoids a dangling modifier?

• A. Walking down the street, a bird swooped down from a tree.
• B. Having finished the report, it was time for lunch.
• C. Reading the book, I learned a lot about ancient history.
• D. Exhausted from the hike, the tent was a welcome sight.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Option C correctly places the participle phrase 'Reading the book' directly in front of the subject 'I,' ensuring that there is no dangling modifier. This structure establishes a clear connection between the action described in the introductory phrase and the subject performing the action, resulting in a grammatically correct sentence. Choice A, B, and D have dangling modifiers. In choice A, the phrase 'Walking down the street' should be followed by the noun it is describing to avoid the dangling modifier. Choice B has a dangling modifier as 'Having finished the report' does not have a clear subject to relate to. Choice D also has a dangling modifier as 'Exhausted from the hike' is not properly connected to the subject in the sentence.

3. Which of the following is a correctly punctuated simple sentence?

• A. Leah and Jerry spent the last few hours in the garden smelling the roses and tulips.
• B. Leah stopped to smell the roses in the garden, but her allergies made her eyes water.
• C. Because it was now spring, Leah could stop to smell the roses.
• D. As Leah jogged in the park, she noticed the smell of roses.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The sentence in option A is a correctly punctuated simple sentence with a compound predicate ('spent... smelling'). It consists of a subject 'Leah and Jerry' and a compound predicate 'spent... smelling,' making it a complete sentence. Option B contains a comma splice, joining two independent clauses incorrectly with just a comma. Option C is a complex sentence with a dependent clause ('Because it was now spring') and an independent clause, not a simple sentence. Option D is a complex sentence with a dependent clause ('As Leah jogged in the park') and an independent clause, not a simple sentence. Therefore, option A is the only choice that represents a correctly punctuated simple sentence.

4. Which of the following pieces of writing should include citations?

• A. A comparison of the language used in two different Shakespeare plays
• B. A news article describing a burglary
• C. A description of your favorite play
• D. A personal essay about your lifelong interest in marine biology

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A comparison of the language used in two different Shakespeare plays should include citations to support the analysis. Citations are necessary in academic or analytical pieces to give credit to the original sources, especially when comparing specific works. Choices B, C, and D do not require citations as they are more subjective or personal in nature. Choice B, a news article, should be based on facts and not personal analysis. Choice C is a personal opinion, and choice D is a personal essay based on the author's experiences and interests, where citations are not typically needed.

5. Which of the following examples is a complete sentence?

• A. Let me know.
• B. On the subject of philosophy.
• C. Depending on the type of books you like.
• D. Where there are lots of people.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Let me know.' This is a complete sentence as it contains a subject ('me') and a verb ('know'). Choice B, 'On the subject of philosophy,' is a prepositional phrase and does not form a complete sentence as it lacks a subject and verb. Choice C, 'Depending on the type of books you like,' is a dependent clause and does not stand alone as a complete sentence. Choice D, 'Where there are lots of people,' is a dependent clause as it begins with a subordinating conjunction ('where') and does not function as a complete sentence on its own.

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