Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a nosocomial infection?

• A. The common cold contracted from a family member
• B. A urinary tract infection (UTI) acquired during a catheterization
• C. A fungal skin infection from contaminated soil
• D. Food poisoning from undercooked chicken

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A nosocomial infection, also known as a healthcare-associated infection (HAI), is an infection that is acquired in a healthcare setting. In this case, a UTI acquired during a catheterization procedure is a classic example of a nosocomial infection. Catheterization involves the insertion of a tube into the urinary tract, which can introduce bacteria into the urinary system and lead to an infection. Nosocomial infections are a significant concern in healthcare settings due to the potential for increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Let's review the other options: A) The common cold contracted from a family member - This is not a nosocomial infection as it is acquired outside of a healthcare setting. C) A fungal skin infection from contaminated soil - This is not a nosocomial infection as it is acquired from environmental exposure, not in a healthcare setting.

2. What is the function of an adjective in a sentence?

• A. To describe a verb
• B. To connect clauses
• C. To describe a noun
• D. To show action

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The function of an adjective in a sentence is to describe or modify a noun. Adjectives provide more information about the noun they modify, such as its size, color, shape, etc. For example, in the sentence 'The tall building,' 'tall' is an adjective describing the noun 'building.' Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Adjectives do not describe verbs (adverbs do that), connect clauses (conjunctions do that), or show action (verbs do that).

3. Which of the following sentences is written in the active voice?

• A. John threw the ball.
• B. The ball was thrown by John.
• C. The ball had been thrown by John.
• D. The ball is thrown by John.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'John threw the ball.' Active voice sentences have the subject performing the action, which is the case in this sentence where 'John' is the subject performing the action 'threw.' Choices A, C, and D are in passive voice where the subject receives the action rather than performing it.

4. Select the book title that does not contain a preposition.

• A. The Man in the Brown Suit
• B. The Secret of Chimneys
• C. Murder on the Orient Express
• D. And Then There Were None

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D' - 'And Then There Were None.' This title does not contain a preposition. Prepositions are words that show the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. In this title, 'And,' 'Then,' 'There,' and 'None' are not prepositions; they are conjunctions and pronouns. Choices A, B, and C all contain prepositions: 'in,' 'of,' and 'on,' respectively. Therefore, they are incorrect answers for this question.

5. What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

• A. To synthesize lipids and other cellular components
• B. To package and transport proteins
• C. To break down macromolecules
• D. To translate mRNA into proteins

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ribosomes are cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. They read the genetic information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) and use this information to assemble amino acids into a specific sequence, forming a protein. This process is known as translation and is essential for the production of proteins that carry out various functions in the cell. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the primary function of ribosomes. Choice A is incorrect because the synthesis of lipids and other cellular components is not the primary function of ribosomes. Choice B is incorrect as packaging and transporting proteins are functions typically associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Choice C is incorrect because ribosomes do not break down macromolecules; instead, they are involved in building proteins from amino acids.

Similar Questions