Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

• A. To produce red blood cells
• B. To provide structural support
• C. To transport nutrients
• D. To store fat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To provide structural support. The skeletal system is primarily responsible for supporting the body's structure, protecting internal organs, facilitating movement, and storing minerals. While bones do play a role in producing red blood cells (hematopoiesis) in the bone marrow, the main function related to the question is providing structural support. Choices C and D are incorrect as the skeletal system is not involved in transporting nutrients or storing fat. The main functions of the skeletal system are related to support, protection, movement facilitation, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis.

2. What is the unit of measurement for density?

• A. Grams per liter (g/L)
• B. Kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³)
• C. Pounds per square inch (psi)
• D. Newtons per meter (N/m)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Density is defined as mass per unit volume. The most commonly used unit for density in the metric system is grams per liter (g/L). Kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) is also a common unit for density, but grams per liter is more frequently used in everyday measurements. Pounds per square inch (psi) is a unit of pressure, not density. Newtons per meter (N/m) is a unit of force per unit length, not density.

3. The number of protons in an atom determines its:

• A. Mass number
• B. Atomic number
• C. Atomic weight
• D. Valence electron count

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The number of protons in an atom is known as the atomic number. The atomic number uniquely identifies an element and determines its position on the periodic table. It is a fundamental property of an element and directly influences its chemical behavior and interactions. The mass number, on the other hand, is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, not just protons. Atomic weight is the average mass of an element's isotopes considering their relative abundance, not solely based on the number of protons. Valence electron count refers to the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom, influencing its ability to form bonds and participate in chemical reactions, but it is not determined by the number of protons in the atom.

4. Which phenomenon describes the bending of light as it travels from one medium to another with differing densities?

• A. Reflection
• B. Refraction
• C. Diffraction
• D. Dispersion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Refraction is the phenomenon that describes the bending of light as it travels from one medium to another with differing densities. This bending occurs due to the change in speed of light as it moves from one medium to another, causing the light rays to change direction. Reflection refers to the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface, diffraction is the bending of light around obstacles, and dispersion is the separation of light into its different colors. Therefore, in the context of light moving through different media, refraction accurately describes the observed bending phenomenon.

5. Which of the following is NOT a component of the genitourinary system?

• A. The kidneys
• B. The urethra
• C. The rectum
• D. The bladder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The rectum is part of the digestive system, not the genitourinary system. The genitourinary system comprises organs involved in reproduction and urine formation and excretion, such as the kidneys, urethra, and bladder. Choices A, B, and D are all components of the genitourinary system. The kidneys filter blood and produce urine, the urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body, and the bladder stores urine before it is excreted.

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