Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following are considered normal values for the measure of a person’s pulse and blood pressure?

• A. 55 beats per minute and 75 over 60 mm Hg
• B. 72 beats per minute and 120 over 80 mm Hg
• C. 100 beats per minute and 140 over 100 mm Hg
• D. 160 beats per minute and 100 over 70 mm Hg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Normal values for pulse rate typically range between 60 to 100 beats per minute, while normal blood pressure values are usually around 120/80 mm Hg. Option B falls within these normal ranges for both pulse rate and blood pressure, making it the correct choice. Choices A, C, and D have either pulse rate, blood pressure, or both values outside the normal ranges, making them incorrect.

2. Which system does the esophagus belong to?

• A. Endocrine system
• B. Digestive system
• C. Respiratory system
• D. Nervous system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The esophagus is part of the digestive system. It is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, allowing the passage of food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. The esophagus plays a crucial role in the process of swallowing and digestion, which are essential functions of the digestive system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the esophagus is not associated with the endocrine, respiratory, or nervous systems.

3. What type of tissue forms the outer layer of the skin?

• A. Connective tissue
• B. Epithelial tissue
• C. Muscle tissue
• D. Nervous tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Epithelial tissue is the correct answer. It forms the outer layer of the skin, serving as a protective barrier against pathogens and environmental damage. This tissue type is essential for maintaining skin integrity and plays a crucial role in skin function. Connective tissue (Choice A), although important for providing support and structure, does not form the outer layer of the skin. Muscle tissue (Choice C) is responsible for movement and is not the primary tissue in the skin. Nervous tissue (Choice D) is involved in transmitting signals but is not the main component of the skin's outer layer.

4. What does the parathyroid hormone regulate?

• A. Magnesium
• B. Calcium
• C. Calcitonin
• D. Glucocorticoids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The parathyroid hormone primarily regulates calcium levels in the blood. It acts to increase calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones, enhancing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, and promoting the conversion of vitamin D to its active form, which aids in calcium absorption from the intestines. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the parathyroid hormone does not play a significant role in the regulation of magnesium (Choice A), calcitonin (Choice C), or glucocorticoids (Choice D).

5. Which of the following structures is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?

• A. Bladder
• B. Urethra
• C. Prostate
• D. Seminal Vesicle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The urethra is the correct answer as it is a structure shared by both the male reproductive and urinary systems. It functions as a conduit for both urine from the bladder and semen from the reproductive system, making it a crucial component of both systems. The bladder (Choice A) is solely part of the urinary system, storing urine. The prostate (Choice C) and seminal vesicle (Choice D) are structures specific to the male reproductive system, involved in producing and secreting components of semen.

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