Nursing Elites

1. Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the elbow?

• A. Biceps brachii
• B. Triceps brachii
• C. Deltoid
• D. Pectoralis major

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Triceps brachii. The triceps brachii muscle is responsible for extending the elbow joint. It is located on the back of the upper arm and acts in opposition to the biceps brachii, which is responsible for elbow flexion. The deltoid muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction, not elbow extension. The pectoralis major muscle is involved in movements of the shoulder joint, not the elbow.

2. To which two systems does the urethra belong?

• A. Reproductive and endocrine
• B. Urinary and reproductive
• C. Endocrine and urinary
• D. Digestive and cardiovascular

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The urethra belongs to both the urinary and reproductive systems. In the urinary system, it functions as a passage for urine from the bladder to exit the body. In the reproductive system, it serves as a conduit for the expulsion of semen during ejaculation. Choice A is incorrect because the urethra is not part of the endocrine system. Choice C is also incorrect because the urethra is not primarily associated with the endocrine system. Choice D is incorrect as the urethra is not part of the digestive or cardiovascular systems.

3. Which of the following statements best describes endocrine glands?

• A. They absorb chemicals from the blood
• B. They secrete chemicals into the blood
• C. They filter chemicals from the blood
• D. They absorb chemicals from the lymphatic system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'They secrete chemicals into the blood.' Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions. This process helps in maintaining homeostasis and coordinating different physiological processes within the body. Choice A is incorrect as endocrine glands do not absorb chemicals from the blood; instead, they release hormones. Choice C is incorrect as endocrine glands do not filter chemicals from the blood; they secrete hormones. Choice D is incorrect as endocrine glands do not absorb chemicals from the lymphatic system; they release hormones into the bloodstream.

4. Which is an anterior feature of the human head?

• A. The nose
• B. The ears
• C. The occipital lobe
• D. The temporal lobe

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The nose is an anterior feature of the human head, located in the frontal part of the face. It plays a vital role in the respiratory system by allowing air to enter and exit the body. Additionally, the nose contains olfactory receptors that enable the sense of smell. The ears, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe are not anterior features of the human head. The ears are located on the sides, the occipital lobe is at the back of the head, and the temporal lobe is on the sides and base of the cerebral cortex.

5. What is a primary function of the skeletal system?

• A. Production of red blood cells
• B. Support and protection
• C. Secretion of hormones
• D. Regulation of body temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Support and protection. The primary functions of the skeletal system include providing structural support to the body and protecting internal organs. While the skeletal system also plays a role in hematopoiesis (production of blood cells) and stores minerals, its main function is to support the body's framework and protect vital organs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the primary functions of the skeletal system.

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