Nursing Elites

1. What would be an appropriate control variable for this experiment?

• A. The period
• B. The length of the string
• C. The mass of the ball
• D. The color of the ball

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The mass of the ball would be an appropriate control variable for this experiment. By keeping the mass constant, you can ensure that any observed effects are not due to variations in mass but rather to the manipulated independent variable. Controlling the mass helps isolate and identify the true impact of the independent variable being studied. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The period and length of the string are more likely to be independent variables or factors being manipulated in the experiment. The color of the ball is considered an extraneous variable that is not typically controlled for in this type of experiment.

2. What is the formula to calculate acceleration?

• A. Acceleration = Mass/Force
• B. Acceleration = Force/Mass
• C. Acceleration = Time/Distance
• D. Acceleration = Time Change in Velocity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. The correct formula to calculate acceleration is Acceleration = Time Change in Velocity. This formula specifically represents how much an object's velocity changes over a specified time period, providing a measure of the object's speed change rate. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not represent the relationship between acceleration and time change in velocity. Choice C is incorrect as it involves time and distance, which are not directly related to acceleration.

3. According to Newton's third law of motion, if you push against a wall with a certain force, the wall will push back with:

• A. A smaller force
• B. An equal force
• C. A greater force
• D. No force at all

Correct answer: B

Rationale: According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you push against a wall with a certain force, the wall will push back on you with an equal force in the opposite direction. Choice A is incorrect because the wall exerts an equal force back. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a greater force, which goes against Newton's third law. Choice D is incorrect as the wall does exert a force back in response to your push.

4. What is the primary function of the small intestine?

• A. To absorb water
• B. To absorb nutrients
• C. To store waste
• D. To produce enzymes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "To absorb nutrients." The small intestine's primary function is to absorb nutrients from digested food. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals, which are essential for the body's functions and energy production. Choice A, "To absorb water," is incorrect because the absorption of water primarily occurs in the large intestine. Choice C, "To store waste," is incorrect as waste is stored in the large intestine before elimination. Choice D, "To produce enzymes," is incorrect because while the small intestine does receive enzymes from other organs to aid in digestion, its primary role is not enzyme production.

5. What is involved in the involuntary reflex arc that withdraws your hand from a hot object?

• A. Central nervous system only
• B. Peripheral nervous system only
• C. Both CNS and PNS
• D. Sensory neurons only

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The involuntary reflex arc that withdraws your hand from a hot object involves both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). When your hand touches a hot object, sensory neurons in the PNS detect the heat and send signals to the spinal cord in the CNS. The spinal cord processes this information and sends a signal back through motor neurons in the PNS to move your hand away from the hot object. This coordinated response requires the collaboration of both the CNS and PNS to protect the body from harm. Choice A is incorrect because the reflex arc involves more than just the central nervous system. Choice B is incorrect because the reflex arc involves more than just the peripheral nervous system. Choice D is incorrect because the reflex arc also involves motor neurons, not just sensory neurons.

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