Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

• A. To produce blood cells
• B. To protect organs
• C. To store fat
• D. To secrete hormones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the skeletal system is to protect vital organs, provide structural support, and enable movement. It serves as a framework that supports and protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. Choice A is incorrect because blood cell production primarily occurs in the bone marrow, a component of the skeletal system but not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because fat storage is not a primary function of the skeletal system. Choice D is incorrect because hormone secretion is mainly regulated by endocrine glands, not the skeletal system.

2. What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

• A. To transport oxygen
• B. To produce hormones
• C. To fight infections
• D. To transport nutrients

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main function of the lymphatic system is to fight infections. It achieves this by filtering lymph, returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream, and aiding in the body's immune response. The lymphatic system is crucial in protecting the body against pathogens and maintaining overall health. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because transporting oxygen, producing hormones, and transporting nutrients are functions performed by other systems in the body, like the respiratory, endocrine, and circulatory systems, respectively.

3. Which gland is responsible for producing adrenaline?

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Adrenal gland
• C. Pituitary gland
• D. Pineal gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Adrenal gland. The Adrenal glands, situated on top of the kidneys, are responsible for producing adrenaline. Adrenaline is a hormone that prepares the body for the fight-or-flight response during stress. Choice A, the Thyroid gland, is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism, not adrenaline. Choice C, the Pituitary gland, regulates many of the body's functions by producing various hormones but is not responsible for adrenaline production. Choice D, the Pineal gland, produces melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, and is not responsible for adrenaline production.

4. Which type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs?

• A. Skeletal muscle
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Smooth muscle
• D. Striated muscle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Smooth muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the intestines, blood vessels, and bladder. It contracts involuntarily, allowing for movements like peristalsis in the intestines and regulation of blood flow in blood vessels. Skeletal muscle (Choice A) is attached to bones and helps in voluntary movements. Cardiac muscle (Choice B) is found in the heart and contracts involuntarily to pump blood. Striated muscle (Choice D) refers to both skeletal and cardiac muscles, which have a striped appearance due to the organization of their filaments. However, smooth muscle (Choice C) is specifically the type found in hollow organs.

5. What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?

• A. To filter blood and remove old red blood cells
• B. To produce white blood cells
• C. To store lymphocytes
• D. To produce antibodies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The spleen plays a crucial role in the immune system by filtering blood, specifically removing old or damaged red blood cells. It also stores lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that help fight infections. While the spleen does not produce white blood cells or antibodies, its main functions lie in blood filtration and storage of immune cells. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because the spleen does not produce white blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as the spleen stores lymphocytes but does not primarily function to do so. Choice D is incorrect because the spleen does not produce antibodies.

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