Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

• A. To produce blood cells
• B. To protect organs
• C. To store fat
• D. To secrete hormones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the skeletal system is to protect vital organs, provide structural support, and enable movement. It serves as a framework that supports and protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. Choice A is incorrect because blood cell production primarily occurs in the bone marrow, a component of the skeletal system but not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because fat storage is not a primary function of the skeletal system. Choice D is incorrect because hormone secretion is mainly regulated by endocrine glands, not the skeletal system.

2. Which hormone is released during the body's fight-or-flight response?

• A. Insulin
• B. Adrenaline
• C. Thyroxine
• D. Cortisol

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is released during the body's fight-or-flight response. This hormone prepares the body for rapid action by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs in response to stress or danger. Insulin is not released during the fight-or-flight response; its primary role is to regulate blood sugar levels. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism, and cortisol is released in response to stress to regulate various bodily functions, but adrenaline is the hormone specifically associated with the fight-or-flight response.

3. To which two systems does the urethra belong?

• A. Reproductive and endocrine
• B. Urinary and reproductive
• C. Endocrine and urinary
• D. Digestive and cardiovascular

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The urethra belongs to both the urinary and reproductive systems. In the urinary system, it functions as a passage for urine from the bladder to exit the body. In the reproductive system, it serves as a conduit for the expulsion of semen during ejaculation. Choice A is incorrect because the urethra is not part of the endocrine system. Choice C is also incorrect because the urethra is not primarily associated with the endocrine system. Choice D is incorrect as the urethra is not part of the digestive or cardiovascular systems.

4. Which organ in the body is responsible for insulin production?

• A. Pancreas
• B. Liver
• C. Gallbladder
• D. Kidneys

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the pancreas. The pancreas is responsible for producing insulin, a hormone crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. Insulin plays a key role in allowing cells to take in glucose, thereby helping to keep blood sugar levels in check. The liver (choice B), gallbladder (choice C), and kidneys (choice D) do not produce insulin. The liver is involved in glycogen storage and glucose regulation, the gallbladder stores bile, and the kidneys filter blood and regulate fluid balance.

5. Which structure is responsible for carrying oxygen to the cells?

• A. Hemoglobin
• B. Plasma
• C. Platelets
• D. Red blood cells

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hemoglobin, located in red blood cells, is responsible for binding to oxygen in the lungs and transporting it to tissues throughout the body. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, making them the primary carrier of oxygen to cells. Hemoglobin is the correct answer because it is the protein within red blood cells that directly binds to oxygen for transport. Plasma is the liquid component of blood and does not carry oxygen. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting and have no role in oxygen transport. While red blood cells do carry oxygen, it is specifically the hemoglobin within them that performs this function.

Similar Questions