Nursing Elites

1. What is the net charge of an ionic compound?

• A. 0
• B. -1
• C. +1
• D. Variable

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0. Ionic compounds have a net charge of 0 because they are formed by the combination of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) in a way that neutralizes their charges. This balanced combination results in an electrically neutral compound. Therefore, the net charge of an ionic compound is typically 0. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because ionic compounds are designed to have a total neutral charge, with the positive charges balancing out the negative charges.

2. On the periodic table, families of elements with similar properties appear in the same _________.

• A. row
• B. principal energy level
• C. period
• D. column

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Families of elements with similar properties appear in the same column on the periodic table. Columns are also known as groups, and elements within the same group have similar chemical and physical properties due to their identical number of valence electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 'column.' Choice A, 'row,' is incorrect because rows on the periodic table are called periods, not families or groups of elements. Choice B, 'principal energy level,' is incorrect as it refers to the energy levels of electrons around the nucleus of an atom, not the arrangement of elements with similar properties on the periodic table. Choice C, 'period,' is incorrect as periods represent horizontal rows on the periodic table, where elements do not necessarily have similar properties compared to elements in the same column.

3. What is the correct electron configuration for lithium?

• A. 1s²2s¹
• B. 1s²2s²
• C. 1s²2s¹2p¹
• D. 1s¹2s¹2p²

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The electron configuration for lithium is 1s²2s¹. Lithium has 3 electrons, and the configuration indicates that the first two electrons fill the 1s orbital, while the third electron fills the 2s orbital. Therefore, the correct electron configuration for lithium is 1s²2s¹. Choice B (1s²2s²) is incorrect as it represents the electron configuration for beryllium, not lithium. Choice C (1s²2s¹2p¹) includes the 2p orbital, which is not involved in lithium's electron configuration. Choice D (1s¹2s¹2p²) is incorrect as it does not accurately represent lithium's electron configuration.

4. Which state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?

• A. Gas
• B. Liquid
• C. Solid
• D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container is a 'Liquid.' Liquids have a fixed volume but can change their shape to fit the container they are in. This property distinguishes liquids from solids, which have both a definite shape and volume, and gases, which do not have a fixed volume or shape. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Liquid.' Choice A, 'Gas,' is incorrect because gases do not have a definite volume or shape. Choice C, 'Solid,' is incorrect as solids have a definite shape and volume. Choice D, 'Plasma,' is incorrect because plasma is a state of matter where atoms have been ionized and do not have a fixed volume or shape.

5. What is 0 K equal to in °C?

• A. -300°C
• B. -273°C
• C. -250°C
• D. -200°C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: 0 Kelvin, also known as absolute zero, is equal to -273°C. This is the point at which all molecular motion stops, making it the lowest possible temperature on the Kelvin scale. Choice A (-300°C) is incorrect as it is not the correct conversion of 0 K to °C. Choice C (-250°C) and Choice D (-200°C) are also incorrect as they do not correspond to the accurate conversion of 0 K to °C.

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