Nursing Elites

1. What is the meaning of the word 'shifts' as used in the third paragraph?

• A. Alterations
• B. Stints
• C. Removals
• D. Transfers

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, 'shifts' refers to changes or alterations in brain chemistry and electrophysiology. The word 'alterations' best captures the idea that significant changes are occurring in the brain. 'Stints' (choice B) refer to short periods of time or work, which is not the meaning intended here. 'Removals' (choice C) and 'transfers' (choice D) do not fit the context of the sentence and are not related to the changes happening in the brain as described in the extract.

2. What role does water vapor play in the Water Cycle, as described in the passage?

• A. Water vapor is unnecessary in the water cycle.
• B. Water vapor plays a key role in precipitation.
• C. Water vapor is harmful to the environment.
• D. Water vapor cools the Earth's surface.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Water vapor plays a key role in precipitation.' The passage clearly outlines the importance of water vapor in the water cycle. It explains that water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants, and condenses back into droplets of liquid, forming clouds. These clouds eventually lead to precipitation like rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Choice A is incorrect as water vapor is crucial in the water cycle. Choice C is also incorrect as there is no mention of water vapor being harmful in the passage. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not state that water vapor cools the Earth's surface; instead, it highlights its role in the formation of precipitation.

3. What is the meaning of the word 'deceptive' as it is used in the fifth paragraph?

• A. misleading
• B. malicious
• C. illegal
• D. irritating

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the context provided, 'deceptive' means misleading. The passage discusses how the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulates product advertising to ensure that all information is truthful and not misleading. Therefore, the correct answer is 'A: misleading.' Choice B, 'malicious,' is incorrect as it implies harmful intent, which is not necessarily conveyed by the term 'deceptive' in this context. Choice C, 'illegal,' is incorrect because 'deceptive' does not solely refer to something being against the law, but rather to misleading information. Choice D, 'irritating,' is also incorrect as it does not capture the essence of 'deceptive' as used in the passage.

4. What is the meaning of the word touted as used in the first paragraph about Aromatherapy?

• A. Revealed.
• B. Glorified.
• C. Overcome.
• D. Deceived.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: "Touted" in this passage means glorified or praised, indicating how aromatherapy has been widely promoted as beneficial. The context implies that while it is marketed positively, recent studies have called its effectiveness into question. Other choices do not capture this promotional aspect accurately, making B the best fit.

5. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?

• A. Those waves that are closer together
• B. Those waves that are farther apart
• C. Those waves that travel a long distance
• D. Those waves that travel a short distance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sound waves that are closer together have a higher pitch. This is explained by the Doppler Effect, where as a source of sound moves closer to an observer, the waves are compressed, resulting in a higher frequency and a higher pitch. Conversely, when the source moves away, the waves are stretched, leading to a lower frequency and a lower pitch. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the relationship between sound wave frequency and pitch.

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