what is the meaning of the word duration as used in the last paragraph

HESI A2

Reading Comprehension HESI A2 Practice Test

1. What is the meaning of the word duration as used in the last paragraph?

A. Basis
B. Extent
C. Cure
D. Solidity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The word "duration" in the context of sleep refers to the length of time that children should sleep. It suggests a focus on the amount of sleep necessary for healthy development, making option B the correct choice as it aligns with the emphasis on recommended sleep hours for children.

2. Which of the following is not mentioned as a detail in the passage about Sickle-Cell Anemia?

A. People of South American or African descent may be prone to sickle-cell anemia.
B. Symptoms of sickle-cell anemia may include sudden occurrences of extreme abdominal and back pain.
C. The red blood cells of sickle-cell patients are unusually shaped, forming crescent or sickle shapes.
D. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies may result in some anemia.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the passage does not mention anything about vitamin and mineral deficiencies in relation to sickle-cell anemia. Choice A is incorrect as the passage specifies that sickle-cell anemia is more common among people of South American or African descent. Choice B is correct as the passage states that symptoms of sickle-cell anemia can include sudden occurrences of extreme abdominal and back pain. Choice C is correct as the passage describes that the red blood cells of sickle-cell patients are unusually shaped, forming crescent or sickle shapes. The passage does not discuss any relationship between vitamin and mineral deficiencies and sickle-cell anemia, making choice D the correct option.

3. What fact is stated about the Amazon Rainforest in the passage?

A. The Amazon Rainforest is shrinking rapidly.
B. The Amazon Rainforest is home to diverse species.
C. The Amazon Rainforest is unaffected by human activity.
D. The Amazon Rainforest contains few animals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage highlights the incredible biodiversity of the Amazon Rainforest, emphasizing its diverse species of plants and animals. The passage describes the rainforest as home to over 2,000 birds and mammals, with one in every five birds in the world living there. It also mentions the vast variety of insects, trees, and plants present in the rainforest, showcasing its rich ecosystem. Choice A is incorrect as the passage does not directly state that the Amazon Rainforest is shrinking rapidly, although it does mention the dangers it faces. Choice C is incorrect as the passage clearly indicates that human activity, such as deforestation, poses a significant threat to the rainforest. Choice D is incorrect as the passage provides evidence of a high number of animals inhabiting the Amazon Rainforest.

4. Why was receiving a white elephant considered a burden in ancient Siam?

A. People tried to avoid receiving it, as it was a burden.
B. It was a symbol of honor and wealth.
C. It was used in ceremonial processes.
D. The people greatly desired a white elephant as a gift.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Receiving a white elephant in ancient Siam was considered a burden because the animal, being sacred, couldn't be used for work like other elephants. The recipient had to bear the cost of feeding the elephant large amounts of fruit and maintaining it in a lavish manner. The ruler's displeasure if the gift was not accepted graciously added to the pressure. This financial strain often led recipients to financial ruin. Therefore, people tried to avoid receiving a white elephant to prevent these financial consequences. Choice B is incorrect because the white elephant was not considered a symbol of honor and wealth but rather a burden. Choice C is incorrect as the white elephant was not primarily used in ceremonial processes but was a gift that came with financial responsibilities. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not mention that people greatly desired a white elephant as a gift, but rather the opposite.

5. Which is not mentioned as a possible result of being spanked in childhood?

A. Aggression
B. Coercive sex
C. Delinquency
D. Incontinence

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Incontinence.' The passage discusses the negative consequences of spanking in childhood, such as increased aggression, delinquent behavior, and future sexual problems like coercive sex. However, incontinence is not mentioned as a possible result of being spanked. Therefore, it is the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are all supported by the passage, making them incorrect answers.