Nursing Elites

1. To the nearest whole number, what is the mass of one mole of hydrogen chloride?

• A. 36 g/mol
• B. 38 g/mol
• C. 71 g/mol
• D. 74 g/mol

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The molar mass of hydrogen chloride (HCl) is calculated by adding the atomic masses of hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl) together. The atomic mass of hydrogen is approximately 1 g/mol, and the atomic mass of chlorine is approximately 35.5 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of hydrogen chloride (HCl) is approximately 1 + 35.5 = 36.5 g/mol. When rounded to the nearest whole number, it is 36 g/mol. Therefore, the correct answer is 36 g/mol. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the accurate molar mass of hydrogen chloride.

2. What is another name for aqueous HI?

• A. hydroiodic acid
• B. hydrogen monoiodide
• C. hydrogen iodide
• D. hydriodic acid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct name for aqueous HI is 'hydriodic acid.' When hydrogen iodide (HI) dissolves in water, it forms hydriodic acid. Therefore, 'hydriodic acid' is the appropriate term for aqueous HI. Choice A, 'hydroiodic acid,' is incorrect as it does not reflect the nature of the compound in the aqueous state. Choice B, 'hydrogen monoiodide,' is not a widely recognized term for this compound. Choice C, 'hydrogen iodide,' is the name for HI in the gaseous state, not when it's dissolved in water.

3. On what concept is Kelvin based?

• A. Freezing point
• B. Absolute zero
• C. Boiling point
• D. Evaporation point

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Absolute zero. Kelvin is based on the concept of absolute zero, which is the point where molecular movement ceases entirely. This temperature scale starts at absolute zero (0K), where theoretically no molecular movement occurs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Kelvin is not based on the freezing point, boiling point, or evaporation point, but rather on the absolute absence of molecular motion.

4. How many neutrons does carbon-14 have?

• A. 10
• B. 8
• C. 6
• D. 12

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 8. Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon with 6 protons and 8 neutrons. To determine the number of neutrons in an atom, subtract the atomic number (number of protons) from the mass number. In this case, the mass number of carbon-14 is 14, and the atomic number of carbon is 6. Therefore, 14 (mass number) - 6 (atomic number) = 8 neutrons. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct number of neutrons in a carbon-14 atom.

5. What is the number of protons in the atomic nucleus of an alkali metal?

• A. 9
• B. 10
• C. 11
• D. 12

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The number of protons in the atomic nucleus of an alkali metal is 11. Alkali metals, belonging to group 1 of the periodic table, have 1 electron in their outer shell, which corresponds to 1 proton in their nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is option C: 11. Choice A (9) is incorrect because it does not match the number of protons in an alkali metal. Choice B (10) is incorrect as it is also not the correct number of protons for an alkali metal. Choice D (12) is incorrect as it is not the typical number of protons found in the nucleus of an alkali metal.

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