select the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence quick action kept the disease from permeating the general population

HESI A2

Vocabulary HESI A2

1. Select the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence. Quick action kept the disease from permeating the general population.

A. Conquering
B. Wounding
C. Deterring
D. Infiltrating

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this context, the word 'permeating' indicates the process of spreading throughout or penetrating into. 'Infiltrating' is the most appropriate synonym for this meaning, as it captures the idea of the disease spreading into the general population. 'Conquering' (Choice A) means to overcome or defeat, which is not the meaning in this context. 'Wounding' (Choice B) means to cause injury, which is not relevant to the sentence. 'Deterring' (Choice C) means to discourage or prevent, which does not fit the context of the disease spreading.

2. Choose the meaning of the word 'contravene' in the following sentence: 'Did the interns contravene the doctor’s orders?'

A. Comply with
B. Misjudge
C. Comprehend
D. Disregard

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The word 'contravene' in this sentence means to go against or disobey. Therefore, the correct meaning is closest to 'disregard.' The interns did not follow or comply with the doctor's orders, indicating that they contravened them. 'Comply with' (Choice A) is the opposite of 'contravene,' 'misjudge' (Choice B) and 'comprehend' (Choice C) do not accurately reflect the meaning of 'contravene' in this context.

3. What is the best meaning of Pernicious?

A. Harmless
B. Destructive
C. Helpful
D. Harmful

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Destructive.' Pernicious is an adjective that describes something that is extremely harmful or destructive. Choice A, 'Harmless,' is the opposite of pernicious. Choice C, 'Helpful,' is a positive term and does not align with the meaning of pernicious. Choice D, 'Harmful,' is a similar term to pernicious but lacks the emphasis on the severe and damaging nature of the word.

4. Someone who is FRUSTRATED/ANNOYED is?

A. Exacerbated
B. Transient
C. Lithe
D. Terse

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The word 'exacerbated' means to make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse. If someone is frustrated or annoyed, they are likely feeling worse due to a particular situation or circumstance. Choice B, 'transient,' means temporary or short-lived, which does not directly relate to the feeling of being frustrated or annoyed. Choice C, 'lithe,' means thin, supple, and graceful, which is not synonymous with being frustrated or annoyed. Choice D, 'terse,' means brief and to the point, which is unrelated to the context of feeling frustrated or annoyed.

5. Select the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence. The patient will need to undergo additional testing.

A. Fail
B. Offer
C. Experience
D. Succumb

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this context, the word 'undergo' means to experience or go through a process. When someone undergoes something, it implies they are subjected to it or experiencing it. Therefore, in the sentence provided, 'experience' is the correct meaning. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the idea of going through a process or experiencing something.