Nursing Elites

1. Marilyn is driving to a wedding. She drives 4 miles south before realizing that she left the gift at home. She makes a U-turn, returns home to pick up the gift, and sets out again driving south. This time, she drives 1 mile out of her way to pick up a friend. From there, they continue 5 miles more to the wedding. Which of these statements is true about Marilyn’s trip?

• A. The displacement of her trip is 6 miles, and the distance traveled is 6 miles.
• B. The displacement of her trip is 14 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.
• C. The displacement of her trip is 8 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.
• D. The displacement of her trip is 6 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Marilyn’s displacement is calculated based on her final position relative to the starting point. She drives 1 mile to pick up her friend, then 5 miles more to the wedding, totaling 6 miles after returning to her home. So, the correct displacement is 8 miles south from her starting point (4 miles to the gift + 4 miles return + 1 mile to the friend + 5 miles to the wedding). The total distance traveled is 14 miles (adding all the distances). Choice A is incorrect because it miscalculates the displacement. Choice B is incorrect as it overestimates both the displacement and distance traveled. Choice D is incorrect as it underestimates the displacement.

2. Which object below has the same density?

• A. A block with a mass of 6.5 grams and a volume of 16.25 cm3
• B. A block with a mass of 80 grams and a volume of 32 cm3
• C. A block with a mass of 48 grams and a volume of 22 cm3
• D. A block with a mass of 100 grams and a volume of 250 cm3

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Density is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume. The density of object A is 6.5 g / 16.25 cm3 = 0.4 g/cm3. The density of object B is 80 g / 32 cm3 = 2.5 g/cm3. The density of object C is 48 g / 22 cm3 = 2.18 g/cm3. The density of object D is 100 g / 250 cm3 = 0.4 g/cm3. Objects A and D have the same density of 0.4 g/cm3. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it has the same density as object D, making them the only objects with a density of 0.4 g/cm3.

3. What is the phenomenon by which light bends as it passes through a prism known as?

• A. Reflection
• B. Electrical conduction
• C. Diffraction
• D. Refraction

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Refraction is the phenomenon by which light bends as it passes through a prism or any other medium boundary. When light transitions from one medium to another, such as air to glass in the case of a prism, it changes speed and direction due to the change in the medium's refractive index. This change in speed causes the light to bend. Reflection, on the other hand, is the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface. Diffraction refers to the bending of light around obstacles or through narrow openings. Electrical conduction involves the movement of electrically charged particles through a conductor, which is unrelated to the bending of light.

4. What is the diameter of a loop if its radius is 6 meters?

• A. 6 m
• B. 12 m
• C. 18 m
• D. 36 m

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The diameter of a loop is calculated by multiplying the radius by 2. Since the radius is 6 meters, the diameter is 6 × 2 = 12 meters. Therefore, the correct answer is 12 meters. Choice A (6 m) is the radius, not the diameter. Choices C (18 m) and D (36 m) are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation for determining the diameter of a loop.

5. Fluids can be categorized based on their shear stress-strain rate relationship. An ideal fluid exhibits:

• A. Zero shear stress at any strain rate
• B. Linear relationship between shear stress and strain rate (Newtonian)
• C. Non-linear relationship between shear stress and strain rate (Non-Newtonian)
• D. High dependence of viscosity on temperature

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An ideal fluid, often referred to as an inviscid fluid, is a theoretical concept used in fluid mechanics to simplify calculations. It is characterized by having zero shear stress at any strain rate. In reality, such fluids do not exist, but they serve as a useful starting point for understanding fluid behavior in idealized situations. Choice B is incorrect because a linear relationship between shear stress and strain rate defines a Newtonian fluid, not an ideal fluid. Choice C is incorrect because a non-linear relationship between shear stress and strain rate characterizes Non-Newtonian fluids, not ideal fluids. Choice D is incorrect because the high dependence of viscosity on temperature is a characteristic seen in real fluids and does not define an ideal fluid.

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