Nursing Elites

1. In which type of cell would you expect to find a high concentration of lysosomes?

• A. Cardiac cells
• B. Glandular cells
• C. Immune cells
• D. Neurons

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Immune cells. Immune cells, such as macrophages, contain many lysosomes for breaking down pathogens. Lysosomes are organelles responsible for digestion and waste removal within the cell, and immune cells require a high concentration of lysosomes to aid in their defense mechanisms against pathogens. Choice A, Cardiac cells, is incorrect because lysosomes are not primarily abundant in cardiac cells. Choice B, Glandular cells, is incorrect as well since lysosomes are not specifically concentrated in glandular cells. Choice D, Neurons, is also incorrect because while lysosomes are present in neurons, they are not typically found in high concentrations compared to immune cells.

2. Which of the following is an example of an aromatic hydrocarbon?

• A. Ethane
• B. Benzene
• C. Propane
• D. Butene

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Benzene is indeed an example of an aromatic hydrocarbon. Aromatic hydrocarbons are characterized by having a cyclic structure with alternating single and double bonds (pi bonds). Benzene fits this description, making it aromatic. On the other hand, ethane, propane, and butene are aliphatic hydrocarbons, which do not have the distinct cyclic structure of aromatic hydrocarbons. Ethane, propane, and butene are aliphatic hydrocarbons, which contain only single bonds and are not cyclic in nature. Therefore, they are not examples of aromatic hydrocarbons.

3. What is the definition of the term 'momentum' in physics?

• A. Force exerted on an object
• B. Speed of an object in motion
• C. Mass in motion
• D. Distance traveled per unit time

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Momentum in physics is the product of an object's mass and its velocity. It is a vector quantity that describes the motion of an object and is given by the formula p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity. Therefore, momentum is best described as the mass of an object in motion. Choice A, 'Force exerted on an object,' is incorrect because force is not equivalent to momentum. Choice B, 'Speed of an object in motion,' is incorrect because speed only considers the rate of motion and not the mass aspect. Choice D, 'Distance traveled per unit time,' is incorrect as it relates to speed and not momentum, which involves both mass and velocity.

4. What are the components of the female internal genitalia and their functions?

• A. Fallopian tubes: transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus
• B. Vagina: serves as the birth canal and connects the uterus to the external environment
• C. Ovaries: produce eggs and hormones
• D. Cervix: serves as the lower part of the uterus connecting it to the vagina

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The ovaries are responsible for producing eggs (ova) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone). They are essential for reproduction, including the release of eggs for fertilization and for regulating the menstrual cycle. The fallopian tubes, as mentioned in choice A, transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus for potential fertilization. The vagina, described in choice B, serves as the birth canal and also connects the uterus to the external environment. The cervix, as stated in choice D, is the lower part of the uterus that connects it to the vagina and also plays a role in protecting the uterus from infections and serving as a passage for menstrual flow.

5. What is the product of translation from an RNA template?

• A. DNA
• B. Lipid
• C. Polypeptide
• D. Carbohydrate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Translation is the process by which the genetic information carried by mRNA is decoded to synthesize a polypeptide chain. This essential process occurs at the ribosomes within the cell. The product of translation from an RNA template is a polypeptide, not DNA, lipid, or carbohydrate. DNA is involved in transcription, lipids are not directly produced in translation, and carbohydrates are not synthesized through translation. Therefore, the correct product resulting from translation from an RNA template is a polypeptide, making choice C, 'Polypeptide,' the correct answer.

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