HESI A2
HESI A2 Practice Test Anatomy and Physiology
1. When an American Indian seeks help at the clinic for regulating her diabetes, the nurse can expect that she:
- A. will comply with the treatment prescribed.
- B. has not necessarily given up her beliefs in naturalistic causes of disease.
- C. may also be seeking the assistance of a shaman or medicine man.
- D. may need extra help in dealing with her illness and may be experiencing a crisis of faith.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: It is important to recognize that individuals from American Indian cultures may incorporate traditional healing practices, such as seeking the assistance of a shaman or medicine man, alongside biomedical treatments. This holistic approach to health and healing is a significant aspect of their cultural beliefs and practices. Choice A is incorrect because compliance with treatment may vary among individuals and cannot be generalized. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes that seeking traditional help means giving up beliefs in naturalistic causes of disease, which is not necessarily the case. Choice D is incorrect as it makes assumptions about the patient's emotional state and crisis of faith without evidence. Overall, understanding and respecting the integration of traditional healing practices is key to providing culturally sensitive care.
2. What would be an appropriate nursing response when a mother reports that her 16-month-old toddler has an earache?
- A. Maybe the toddler is just teething.
- B. I will check her ear for an ear infection.
- C. Are you sure the toddler is really in pain?
- D. Please describe what the toddler is doing to indicate she is in pain.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The appropriate nursing response would be to assess the toddler's ear to determine if there is indeed an ear infection causing the earache. It is crucial to provide timely and suitable care for the child's pain and discomfort. Checking for an ear infection is a necessary step in evaluating the source of the toddler's earache. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes the earache is due to teething without proper assessment. Choice C questions the mother's report rather than focusing on the child's condition. Choice D is not as direct and focused as directly examining the ear for a possible infection.
3. During an interview, note-taking may impede the nurse's observation of the patient's nonverbal behaviors. Which statement is true regarding note-taking?
- A. Note-taking may impede the nurse's observation of the patient's nonverbal behaviors.
- B. Note-taking allows the patient to continue at their own pace as the nurse records what is said.
- C. Note-taking allows the nurse to shift attention away from the patient, resulting in an increased comfort level.
- D. Note-taking allows the nurse to break eye contact with the patient, which may increase their level of comfort.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Note-taking during an interview can impede the nurse's ability to observe the patient's nonverbal behaviors, such as body language and facial expressions, which are important aspects of communication. It may break eye contact too often, shift attention away from the patient, interrupt the patient's narrative flow, and diminish the patient's sense of importance. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to balance the need for note-taking with maintaining active listening and observation skills to ensure effective communication and rapport building with the patient. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because note-taking can actually hinder the patient's narrative flow, decrease the nurse's observation of nonverbal cues, and potentially make the patient feel less important or attended to due to distractions caused by the note-taking process.
4. When planning a cultural assessment, which component should be included?
- A. Family history
- B. Chief complaint
- C. Medical history
- D. Health-related beliefs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When planning a cultural assessment, the nurse should include the component of health-related beliefs. Understanding a person's cultural background and beliefs about health and wellness is crucial for providing culturally competent care. Health-related beliefs can impact a person's attitudes towards illness, treatment preferences, and adherence to medical recommendations. Therefore, assessing health-related beliefs is essential for delivering effective and respectful healthcare services. Choices A, B, and C are important components of a comprehensive patient assessment but are not specific to cultural considerations. While family history, chief complaint, and medical history are pertinent to understanding a patient's health status, health-related beliefs focus specifically on the cultural aspect that influences an individual's health perceptions and behaviors.
5. Among many Asians there is a belief in the yin\yang theory, rooted in the ancient Chinese philosophy of Tao. The nurse recognizes which statement that most accurately reflects "health" in an Asian with this belief?
- A. A person is able to work and produce.
- B. A person is happy, stable, and feels good.
- C. All aspects of the person are in perfect balance.
- D. A person is able to care for others and function socially. - C) All aspects of the person are in perfect balance. Page: 21 Many Asians believe in the yin\yang theory, in which health is believed to exist when all aspects of the person are in perfect balance. The other statements do not describe this theory.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In Asian belief systems like the yin\yang theory rooted in Tao philosophy, health is seen as existing when all aspects of a person are in perfect balance. This means that physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual elements need to be harmonized for an individual to be considered healthy. The other statements do not encapsulate this holistic perspective on health.
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