bile stored in the gallbladder aids in the digestion of

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS Test 7 science

1. Bile, stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of which nutrient?

A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of fats. Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets to increase the efficiency of fat digestion by enzymes like lipase. This process enhances the absorption of fats in the small intestine, facilitating the body's utilization of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Carbohydrates are primarily broken down by enzymes like amylase, proteins by pepsin and other proteases, and vitamins have varying digestion and absorption processes, which do not involve bile. Therefore, the correct answer is fats as they are directly influenced by bile in the digestion process.

2. What is the Doppler effect, and how does it explain the shift in frequency of sound waves perceived by an observer?

A. It affects light waves, not sound waves.
B. It's the change in wave speed due to medium density.
C. It's the perceived change in frequency due to relative motion.
D. It's the bending of waves due to different mediums.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Doppler effect is the perceived change in frequency of a wave due to relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. This phenomenon is commonly observed with sound waves, where the pitch of a sound appears higher as the source moves towards the observer and lower as the source moves away. Option A is incorrect as the Doppler effect primarily applies to sound waves, not light waves. Option B is incorrect because the Doppler effect is not about the change in wave speed due to medium density but rather a change in perceived frequency. Option D is incorrect as it describes wave bending due to different mediums, which is not the primary concept behind the Doppler effect. Therefore, option C accurately describes the Doppler effect and its application to the shift in frequency of sound waves perceived by an observer.

3. In the body, muscle tissue is involved in which of the following functions?

A. Generation of body heat
B. Joint stabilization
C. Maintenance of posture
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Muscle tissue serves multiple functions in the body, including the generation of body heat, joint stabilization, and maintenance of posture. These functions are essential for movement, stability, and overall bodily functions. The correct answer is 'All of the above' because muscle tissue plays a key role in each of these vital functions. The generation of body heat occurs through muscle activity, joint stabilization is achieved by muscles surrounding joints, and maintaining posture involves muscle contraction to support the body's position. Therefore, all the listed functions are interconnected and rely on the proper functioning of muscle tissue.

4. Which level of protein structure is defined by the folds and coils of the protein's polypeptide backbone?

A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary. The secondary structure of a protein is defined by the folding and coiling of the polypeptide backbone into structures like alpha helices and beta sheets. Secondary structure primarily involves interactions such as hydrogen bonding within the backbone. This level of protein structure is distinct from primary structure (A) which refers to the linear sequence of amino acids, tertiary structure (C) which involves the overall 3D arrangement of a single polypeptide chain, and quaternary structure (D) which pertains to the interaction between multiple polypeptide chains in a protein complex.

5. What is the term for a solution with a pH value less than 7?

A. Acidic
B. Neutral
C. Alkaline
D. Basic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Solutions with a pH less than 7 are classified as acidic. pH values below 7 indicate an acidic solution, which means it has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they describe neutral (pH 7), alkaline (pH greater than 7), and basic (another term for alkaline), respectively, which are not applicable to solutions with a pH less than 7.