Nursing Elites

1. What are apocrine and eccrine?

• A. Blood vessel
• B. Cell types
• C. Hormones
• D. Sweat glands

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Apocrine and eccrine refer to types of sweat glands in the human body. Apocrine sweat glands are larger and located in areas like the armpits and groin, producing a thicker secretion that can be associated with body odor. Eccrine sweat glands are found throughout the skin and are responsible for regulating body temperature through the production of sweat. Understanding the functions and locations of these glands is essential in comprehending the body's thermoregulation processes.

2. What is the scientific name for the tear gland?

• A. Lachrymal gland
• B. Lacrimal sac
• C. Lacrimal duct
• D. Lacrimal papilla

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lachrymal gland. The lachrymal gland, also known as the tear gland, is the almond-shaped gland located above each eye, responsible for producing tears. Tears are a complex mixture of water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substances that help lubricate and protect the eyes from dryness and irritation. Choice B, Lacrimal sac, is incorrect as it refers to a structure that collects tears from the eye. Choice C, Lacrimal duct, is incorrect as it is the tube that carries tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity. Choice D, Lacrimal papilla, is incorrect as it is a small elevation at the inner corner of the eye where tears drain into the puncta.

3. What is the primary cause of acne vulgaris, commonly known as acne?

• A. Dry skin
• B. Clogged pores and excess oil production
• C. Bacterial infection alone
• D. Vitamin deficiency

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary cause of acne vulgaris is clogged pores and excess oil production. Acne develops when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, creating an environment for bacteria to thrive, leading to inflammation and acne breakouts. While dry skin, bacterial infection alone, and vitamin deficiency can contribute to acne, they are not the main underlying cause. Therefore, the correct answer is clogged pores and excess oil production, as they form the basis for the development of acne vulgaris.

4. What is the function of the sinuses?

• A. To trap many airborne pathogens
• B. To direct air down the trachea rather than the esophagus
• C. To warm, humidify, and filter air
• D. To sweep away pathogens and direct them toward the top of the trachea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct function of the sinuses is to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. Sinuses play a crucial role in preparing the air for the respiratory system by adding moisture, warmth, and filtering out particles. Choice A is incorrect because while sinuses can help filter some particles, their primary function is not to trap pathogens. Choice B is incorrect as the sinuses do not control the direction of air down the trachea; this is regulated by the epiglottis and vocal cords. Choice D is incorrect as sinuses do not sweep pathogens away or direct them towards the trachea; instead, they condition the air for respiration.

5. What units of measurement would a triple beam balance show?

• A. Liters
• B. Grams
• C. Meters
• D. Gallons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A triple beam balance is used to measure mass, typically in grams. Liters, meters, and gallons are units of volume, length, and capacity, respectively, not typically measured using a triple beam balance. Therefore, the correct answer is grams. Choice A, Liters, is a unit of volume. Choice C, Meters, is a unit of length. Choice D, Gallons, is a unit of capacity. These units are not typically measured using a triple beam balance.

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