which is an anterior muscle

HESI A2

Anatomy HESI A2

1. Which is an anterior muscle of the thigh?

A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadriceps femoris
C. Biceps femoris
D. Adductor magnus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps femoris is an anterior muscle located on the front of the thigh. It is composed of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles play a crucial role in extending the knee and are essential for activities like walking, running, and jumping. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are not anterior muscles of the thigh. Gluteus maximus is a muscle located in the buttocks, biceps femoris is a muscle of the posterior thigh, and adductor magnus is a muscle of the medial thigh.

2. Which type of tissue connects bones to other bones?

A. Tendons
B. Ligaments
C. Cartilage
D. Muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ligaments. Ligaments are tough, flexible connective tissues that connect bones to other bones, providing stability and support to joints. Tendons (choice A) connect muscles to bones, enabling movement. Cartilage (choice C) is a firm, rubbery material that cushions bones at joints. Muscles (choice D) are contractile tissues responsible for movement. Therefore, when looking for the tissue that connects bones to other bones, ligaments are the most appropriate choice.

3. What role does the liver play in metabolism?

A. To produce bile
B. To detoxify harmful substances
C. To store glucose
D. To produce insulin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To detoxify harmful substances.' The liver is primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances present in the blood as part of its role in metabolism. While the liver does produce bile to aid in digestion and stores glucose for energy regulation, its main function in metabolism is detoxification. The liver does not produce insulin; insulin is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels.

4. What is the role of platelets in the blood?

A. To transport oxygen
B. To fight infections
C. To clot blood
D. To carry nutrients

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, play a crucial role in blood clotting. When there is an injury, platelets adhere to the site and release substances that form a clot, preventing excessive bleeding. This function is vital for maintaining hemostasis and preventing blood loss. Choice A is incorrect because red blood cells, not platelets, are responsible for transporting oxygen. Choice B is incorrect as white blood cells are primarily responsible for fighting infections. Choice D is incorrect as nutrients are mainly transported by plasma and red blood cells, not platelets.

5. Which vitamin is necessary for the absorption of calcium?

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin D is the correct answer. It is essential for the absorption of calcium in the intestines, facilitating the maintenance of strong bones and teeth. Vitamin D helps regulate calcium levels in the blood and promotes bone mineralization, making it crucial for overall bone health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Vitamin C is not directly involved in calcium absorption, Vitamin A is more related to vision and immune function, and Vitamin K plays a role in blood clotting and bone mineralization but is not primarily responsible for calcium absorption.