Nursing Elites

1. What is the periodic law?

• A. The statement that the properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.
• B. The statement that elements can be arranged in a table where elements with similar properties are grouped together.
• C. The statement that elements can be arranged in a table where the atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
• D. The statement that elements can be arranged in a table where the atomic mass of an element is equal to the number of neutrons in its nucleus.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The periodic law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. This means that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their properties. This forms the basis for the modern periodic table. Option B describes the organization of elements in the periodic table, which is related to the periodic law but not the definition of it. Options C and D are incorrect as they describe concepts related to atomic structure (atomic number and atomic mass) rather than the periodic law itself.

2. In endocrine regulation, the feedback loop is a critical concept. In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone can result in:

• A. Further stimulating the release of the same hormone
• B. Inhibiting the release of the hormone or its production
• C. Having no effect on the hormone's regulation
• D. Increasing the need for another hormone entirely

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone will inhibit the release of the hormone or its production. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining homeostasis by preventing excessive levels of hormones in the body. When a hormone reaches a certain concentration, it triggers the body to decrease its production or release, thereby ensuring a balance within the system. Choice A is incorrect because a negative feedback loop aims to counteract high hormone levels, not further stimulate them. Choice C is incorrect as high hormone levels do have an effect by triggering the feedback loop. Choice D is incorrect as the negative feedback loop operates within the same hormone system rather than increasing the need for an entirely different hormone.

3. Which mineral is crucial for bone strength and is stored in bones and teeth?

• A. Calcium
• B. Iron
• C. Magnesium
• D. Potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Calcium is crucial for bone strength as it is a major mineral stored in bones and teeth. It plays a vital role in maintaining bone density and strength, making it essential for overall bone health. Calcium is essential for various physiological functions, including muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Inadequate calcium intake can lead to conditions like osteoporosis, where bones become weak and brittle. Iron (Choice B) is important for transporting oxygen in the blood, but it is not stored in bones and does not play a significant role in bone strength. Magnesium (Choice C) is essential for bone health, but it is not primarily stored in bones and teeth. Potassium (Choice D) is crucial for various physiological functions, such as fluid balance and muscle function, but it is not a major mineral stored in bones and teeth for bone strength.

4. What are the components of the male external genitalia and their functions?

• A. Prostate gland: produces seminal fluid
• B. Scrotum: protects and maintains the temperature of the testes
• C. Penis: delivers sperm to female reproductive tract
• D. Urethra: conducts urine out of the body

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The penis is responsible for delivering sperm to the female reproductive tract during sexual intercourse. The scrotum is not involved in producing sperm but rather protects and regulates the temperature of the testes, which is essential for sperm production. The prostate gland is involved in producing seminal fluid, not sperm. The urethra serves the purpose of conducting urine out of the body and also acts as a passage for semen during ejaculation.

5. Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

• A. To produce red blood cells
• B. To provide structural support
• C. To transport nutrients
• D. To store fat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To provide structural support. The skeletal system is primarily responsible for supporting the body's structure, protecting internal organs, facilitating movement, and storing minerals. While bones do play a role in producing red blood cells (hematopoiesis) in the bone marrow, the main function related to the question is providing structural support. Choices C and D are incorrect as the skeletal system is not involved in transporting nutrients or storing fat. The main functions of the skeletal system are related to support, protection, movement facilitation, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis.

Similar Questions