Nursing Elites

1. What is implied by the author's mention of the Kayapo people in the passage on the Amazon Rainforest?

• A. The Kayapo people destroy the environment for farming.
• B. The Kayapo people farm in an environmentally friendly way.
• C. The Kayapo people contribute to deforestation.
• D. The Kayapo people hunt animals for survival.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The mention of the Kayapo people in the passage highlights how they farm in an environmentally friendly manner. Instead of using chemicals, they enrich the soil by burning wood and plant banana trees, attracting wasps that feed on harmful insects. This sustainable farming practice showcases their efforts to coexist with the rainforest ecosystem without causing harm. The other choices are incorrect: A is refuted by the passage as the Kayapo people are described as farming in an environmentally friendly way, C is incorrect as the passage does not mention the Kayapo people contributing to deforestation, and D is not supported by the text as there is no mention of the Kayapo people hunting animals for survival.

2. What is the best summary of the passage?

• A. Electric currents within the body are due to electrostatic charges set off by the heart. Medical staff are trained to recognize any abnormalities within the heart.
• B. Every individual has unique electric currents on the surface of the body. The ECG measures and records these electric currents.
• C. The ECG systematically and rather quickly measures the stages at which the 'wave of excitation' occurs within the heart and records them. This wave has three distinct steps that spread from the SA node to the AV node.
• D. The ECG measures the electric currents within the body. These currents are detected on the surface of the body when the body is connected to an amplifier.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct summary of the passage is option C. The passage explains how the ECG systematically measures and records the 'wave of excitation' that occurs within the heart in three distinct steps, spreading from the SA node to the AV node. This summary effectively captures the main focus of the passage. Option A is incorrect because it only mentions the detection of electric currents in the body and recognizing abnormalities by medical staff, missing the key information about the 'wave of excitation' and its stages. Option B is incorrect as it focuses solely on the measurement and recording of unique electric currents on the body's surface, neglecting the specific process described in the passage. Option D is also incorrect as it provides a general description of how the ECG measures electric currents without emphasizing the specific stages of the 'wave of excitation' as detailed in the passage.

3. What is stated in this paragraph?

• A. Some men have harsh voices
• B. Relaxed people often have harsh voices
• C. Not everyone finds a harsh voice irritating
• D. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The paragraph explains that harsh voice qualities usually result from too much tension in the throat and jaw. It further discusses how tension tightens muscles, leading to unpleasant voice tones. While the paragraph addresses the issue of harsh voices, it does not mention that only some men have harsh voices (choice A) or that relaxed people often exhibit this quality (choice B). Additionally, the paragraph does not touch upon whether everyone finds harsh voices irritating (choice C), only stating that not everyone may be bothered by it.

4. What can be inferred about the author's reaction to different voices?

• A. Be an experienced public speaker
• B. Prefer shrill, grating, and brassy voice
• C. Have no particular reactions to different voices
• D. nan

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Based on the extract provided, the author discusses the effects of different voice qualities on others but does not express any preference or reaction towards specific voices. The author emphasizes the negative impact of harsh tones and provides insights into how voice qualities can influence perceptions. As a result, it can be inferred that the author has no particular reactions to different voices. Choices A and B are incorrect as there is no mention of the author's public speaking experience or preference for specific voice qualities in the passage.

5. What conclusion can you draw from the first sentence of the passage?

• A. Osteoporosis is more common than anyone previously imagined.
• B. The media give a lot of overall coverage to osteoporosis.
• C. Only women are at high risk for developing bone thinning.
• D. Thinning bones is not considered a serious medical problem.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The first sentence suggests that osteoporosis receives significant media coverage, indicating that the media gives a lot of overall coverage to the issue. This conclusion can be drawn as the passage mentions how osteoporosis is a major health concern for women and is widely covered in newspapers and television commercials. Choice A is incorrect because the passage does not mention the prevalence of osteoporosis compared to previous estimates. Choice C is incorrect as the passage highlights that men are being overlooked in terms of bone thinning concerns. Choice D is incorrect as the passage emphasizes the seriousness of bone thinning and the need for preventive measures.

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