Nursing Elites

1. When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, what technique would be most beneficial?

• A. Determine the communication method he prefers.
• B. Avoid using facial and hand gestures as they can be degrading to most hearing-impaired individuals.
• C. Request a sign language interpreter before meeting to facilitate communication.
• D. Speak loudly and with exaggerated facial movement, as this helps with lip reading.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, it is crucial to determine the preferred communication method, whether it involves signing, lip reading, or writing. By directly asking the patient for their preferred method of communication, the healthcare provider can ensure effective and respectful interaction tailored to the individual's specific needs and preferences. Option B is incorrect because using facial and hand gestures can actually aid in communication for some individuals with hearing impairments. Option C is not always necessary and may not be the preferred method for all patients. Option D is incorrect because speaking loudly and with exaggerated facial movements is not necessary and may not be preferred by the patient.

2. During an interview, the interviewer is using open-ended questions. Which of the following statements are true regarding open-ended questions? Select all that apply.

• A. They elicit cold facts.
• B. They allow for self-expression.
• C. They build and enhance deviation from topic
• D. They leave interactions neutral.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Open-ended questions are designed to encourage the interviewee to express themselves freely, leading to more detailed and insightful responses. These questions help build rapport by showing interest in the interviewee's thoughts and feelings. By allowing for self-expression, open-ended questions facilitate a deeper and more meaningful conversation, making them a valuable tool in conducting interviews. Choice A is incorrect because open-ended questions aim to gather detailed and subjective information, not just cold facts. Choice D is incorrect as open-ended questions often lead to more engaging interactions rather than leaving them neutral.

3. An individual who takes the magicoreligious perspective of illness and disease is likely to believe that his or her illness was caused by:

• A. germs and viruses.
• B. supernatural forces.
• C. eating imbalanced foods.
• D. an imbalance within his or her spiritual nature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The magicoreligious perspective of illness and disease is based on the belief that supernatural forces play a significant role in causing health problems. Individuals holding this perspective may believe that their illness was caused by curses, evil spirits, or other supernatural factors rather than conventional explanations like germs or viruses. This worldview influences how they perceive and seek treatment for their health conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is B) supernatural forces. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the supernatural beliefs associated with the magicoreligious perspective. This perspective focuses on attributing illness to supernatural causes rather than biological, dietary, or spiritual imbalances.

4. During an interview, a parent of a hospitalized child is sitting in an open position. As the interviewer begins to discuss his son's treatment, however, he suddenly crosses his arms against his chest and crosses his legs. This would suggest that the parent is:

• A. just changing positions.
• B. more comfortable in this position.
• C. tired and needs a break from the interview.
• D. uncomfortable talking about his son's treatment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The parent's sudden change in body language from an open position to crossing arms and legs suggests discomfort or defensiveness, particularly when discussing his son's treatment. This closed-off position indicates a lack of willingness to share information and potentially signals discomfort with the topic being discussed. Choice A is incorrect as the abrupt shift in body language indicates more than just a change in position. Choice B is incorrect because crossing arms and legs typically signal defensiveness or discomfort rather than comfort. Choice C is incorrect as there are specific body language cues indicating discomfort rather than just fatigue.

5. When recording the childhood illnesses of a patient who denies having had any, which note by the nurse would be most accurate?

• A. Patient denies usual childhood illnesses.
• B. Patient states he was a 'very healthy' child.
• C. Patient states sister had measles, but he didn't.
• D. Patient denies measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, pertussis, and strep throat.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is the most accurate note by the nurse as it lists specific childhood illnesses commonly experienced by children. By documenting that the patient denies having had these specific illnesses, the healthcare provider establishes a clear medical history record regarding these common childhood illnesses. This detailed documentation is essential for providing comprehensive care and evaluating potential risks or complications associated with these illnesses in the future. Choices A, B, and C are not as accurate as they do not provide a comprehensive list of common childhood illnesses that are routinely evaluated by healthcare providers. Choice A is too vague, Choice B focuses on the patient's perception of their health rather than specific illnesses, and Choice C only mentions measles, lacking the breadth of information provided in Choice D.

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