Nursing Elites

1. The Becquerel (Bq) is the designated unit for quantifying:

• A. Electron volt (eV) measurements of energy
• B. Radioactivity
• C. Electric charge (Coulombs)
• D. Force (Newtons)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Becquerel (Bq) is the unit used to measure radioactivity, specifically the activity of a quantity of radioactive material. It represents the number of radioactive disintegrations or transformations per unit of time. Choice A, electron volt (eV), is a unit of energy, not radioactivity. Choice C, electric charge (Coulombs), is measured in Coulombs, not Becquerels. Choice D, force (Newtons), is a unit of force, not radioactivity. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

2. Which gland produces the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

• A. Pituitary gland
• B. Thyroid gland
• C. Pancreas
• D. Adrenal glands

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the pancreas. The hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels is insulin, which is produced by the pancreas. The pituitary gland produces various hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, the thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, and the adrenal glands produce hormones involved in the stress response. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect in the context of regulating blood sugar levels.

3. Which property of matter remains constant regardless of changes in gravity?

• A. Mass
• B. Weight
• C. Volume
• D. Density

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and remains constant regardless of changes in gravity. Weight, on the other hand, is the force of gravity acting on an object and can vary depending on the strength of gravity. Volume is the amount of space an object occupies, and density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, both of which can change with changes in gravity. Therefore, mass is the property that remains the same regardless of variations in gravitational force. Choice B, Weight, changes with gravity as it is a force dependent on gravity. Choices C and D, Volume and Density, can be affected by changes in gravity as they are related to the space an object occupies and the mass per unit volume, respectively.

4. What is the name of the regulatory region in a gene that controls its expression?

• A. Exon
• B. Intron
• C. Promoter
• D. Enhancer

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) Exon: Exons are the coding regions of a gene that are transcribed into mRNA and eventually translated into proteins. Exons do not regulate gene expression. B) Intron: Introns are non-coding regions of a gene that are removed during RNA processing and do not play a direct role in controlling gene expression. C) Promoter: The promoter is a regulatory region located at the beginning of a gene that initiates the process of transcription by binding transcription factors and RNA polymerase. It plays a crucial role in controlling gene expression. D) Enhancer: Enhancers are regulatory regions that can be located far from the gene they regulate and can increase the transcription of a gene. While enhancers are important for gene expression, the specific region that controls gene expression is the promoter. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Promoter, as it is the regulatory region in a gene that controls its expression by initiating transcription.

5. What is the approximate composition of blood?

• A. 45% plasma, 55% formed elements
• B. 55% plasma, 45% formed elements
• C. 55% water, 45% blood cells
• D. 45% water, 55% plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Blood is composed of approximately 55% plasma (mostly water with proteins, electrolytes, and nutrients) and 45% formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). Choice B is the correct answer. Choice A is incorrect as it reverses the percentages. Choice C is incorrect because it incorrectly states that blood cells make up 45% of blood, while they are part of the formed elements along with platelets. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests that water makes up 45% of blood, which is not accurate.

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