Nursing Elites

1. Select the word that makes the following sentence grammatically correct. Having ___________ one pill at bedtime, the patient was able to sleep for eight hours.

• A. took
• B. take
• C. taking
• D. taken

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct word to use in this sentence is 'taking' to show the continuous aspect of the action. The sentence should read: 'Having taking one pill at bedtime, the patient was able to sleep for eight hours.' 'Taking' is the present participle form of the verb 'take,' which is appropriate in this context to indicate the ongoing action of taking a pill at bedtime. Choice A, 'took,' is incorrect as it is the simple past tense, not suitable for this sentence's structure. Choice B, 'take,' is the base form of the verb, which does not fit the sentence's requirement for a participle. Choice D, 'taken,' is the past participle form, which is also unsuitable for showing the ongoing action required in this context.

2. Select the word or phrase that makes this sentence grammatically correct. Before ________ this medicine, consume a modest meal.

• A. having taken
• B. taking
• C. took
• D. will take

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct form to use in this sentence is the present participle 'taking.' The sentence should read, 'Before taking this medicine, consume a modest meal.' It is important to use the present participle form when talking about an action that occurs before another action. Choice A 'having taken' is incorrect as it suggests a completed action before consuming a meal. Choice C 'took' is in the past tense, not suitable for indicating an action that should happen before another. Choice D 'will take' is in the future tense, which does not fit the context of the sentence.

3. Multiply: 54 × 45. Express the result in decimal form.

• A. 0.0243
• B. 0.243
• C. 2.43
• D. 24.3

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To multiply 54 by 45, you should multiply the two numbers together: 54 x 45 = 2430. The decimal point is placed after counting the total decimal places in the numbers being multiplied. As there are no decimal places in the numbers 54 and 45, the result is 2430, which is correctly expressed as 24.3 when considering the decimal point placement. Choice A (0.0243) and Choice B (0.243) are incorrect as they represent fractions of 2430. Choice C (2.43) is incorrect as it incorrectly places the decimal point one place before the actual result.

4. What is the result of adding 5 2/9 and 1 2/9?

• A. 6 4/9
• B. 7 5/9
• C. 7
• D. 5 2/9

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To add mixed numbers with fractions, first add the whole numbers together: 5 + 1 = 6. Then add the fractions: 2/9 + 2/9 = 4/9. Combining the whole number and the fraction parts gives 6 4/9. Therefore, the correct answer is 6 4/9. Choice B (7 5/9) is incorrect as the fractions were not added correctly. Choice C (7) is incorrect as it does not account for the fractions. Choice D (5 2/9) is one of the original numbers and not the sum of both.

5. Which structure in the kidney filters blood to form urine?

• A. Nephron
• B. Glomerulus
• C. Bowman's capsule
• D. Loop of Henle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The glomerulus is a key structure in the kidney responsible for filtering blood. It consists of a network of capillaries that filter waste products and excess substances from the blood, allowing the formation of urine. While the nephron, Bowman's capsule, and Loop of Henle are also essential components of the kidney's filtration system, the glomerulus is specifically involved in the initial blood filtration process. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate, and the Loop of Henle is responsible for reabsorption and concentration of urine, not the initial blood filtration.

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