Nursing Elites

1. An atom has 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is the electric charge of this atom?

• A. Neutral
• B. Positive
• C. Negative
• D. Undetermined

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Negative.' An atom becomes negatively charged when it has more electrons than protons. In this case, the atom has 6 electrons and 5 protons, resulting in a net negative charge. Choice A 'Neutral' is incorrect because the atom is not balanced in terms of protons and electrons. Choice B 'Positive' is incorrect because having more electrons than protons results in a negative charge. Choice D 'Undetermined' is incorrect, as the charge can be determined based on the relative number of protons and electrons.

2. What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive system?

• A. To break down proteins
• B. To absorb water and form feces
• C. To digest fats
• D. To neutralize stomach acid

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing water from indigestible food matter and forming feces for elimination. Choice A is incorrect because the breakdown of proteins primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Choice C is incorrect as the digestion of fats primarily occurs in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as neutralizing stomach acid is mainly the function of the stomach lining and not the large intestine.

3. What is the relationship between work and the displacement of an object?

• A. Work depends only on the force applied, not displacement
• B. Work is directly proportional to displacement
• C. Work is inversely proportional to displacement
• D. Work is unrelated to displacement

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Work is directly proportional to displacement. In physics, work is defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the displacement of the object in the direction of the force. Therefore, work is directly proportional to displacement. Choice A is incorrect because work is dependent on both force and displacement. Choice C is incorrect because work is not inversely proportional to displacement; it is directly proportional. Choice D is incorrect because work is indeed related to displacement, as described in the definition of work in physics.

4. Which of the following is considered an extensive property?

• A. Weight
• B. Density
• C. Conductivity
• D. Malleability

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Weight is correctly identified as an extensive property. Extensive properties are dependent on the amount of the substance present. Weight is directly proportional to the quantity of the substance, making it an extensive property. In contrast, density, conductivity, and malleability are intensive properties, which remain constant regardless of the amount of substance. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Weight' as it changes with the quantity of the substance, aligning with the definition of an extensive property.

5. Which type of blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?

• A. Artery
• B. Vein
• C. Capillary
• D. Lymphatic vessel

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vein. Veins carry blood back to the heart from various parts of the body, functioning as the vessels that return blood to the heart. Arteries, on the other hand, carry blood away from the heart to different parts of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and tissues. Lymphatic vessels are part of the lymphatic system, responsible for maintaining fluid balance and aiding in immunity. Therefore, the correct choice is B as it directly relates to the blood flow back to the heart.

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