Nursing Elites

1. When a patient is lying flat on their back, which of the following positions are they in?

• A. Prone.
• B. Supine.
• C. Lateral.
• D. Medial.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a patient is lying flat on their back, they are in the supine position. In the supine position, the person's face is facing upward, and their back is touching the surface they are lying on. This position is commonly used for medical examinations and procedures. Choice A, 'Prone,' refers to lying face down, not on the back. Choice C, 'Lateral,' indicates lying on the side. Choice D, 'Medial,' pertains to the middle or center, not a position in relation to lying on the back.

2. If an organism is AB, which of the following combinations in the gametes is NOT possible?

• A. AB
• B. AA
• C. BB
• D. AB

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. If an organism is AB, it indicates that it carries two different alleles. During gamete formation, each gamete receives only one allele from the pair present in the organism. Therefore, in this case, the possible gametes would be 'A' and 'B,' making 'AA' impossible. Choice A, 'AB,' is possible as each gamete can carry one of the alleles from the genotype. Similarly, 'BB' is also possible if one of the alleles separates into a gamete. Choice D, 'AB,' is essentially the same genotype as the organism and is a possible combination in the gametes.

3. What is the process by which decomposers break down organic matter?

• A. Photosynthesis
• B. Bioremediation
• C. Decomposition
• D. Nitrification

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. This process is not related to the breakdown of organic matter by decomposers. B) Bioremediation is the use of living organisms to clean up contaminated environments. While it involves the use of microorganisms to break down pollutants, it is not specifically focused on breaking down organic matter. C) Decomposition is the process by which decomposers such as bacteria, fungi, and other organisms break down organic matter into simpler substances. This process is essential for nutrient recycling in ecosystems. D) Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate by nitrifying bacteria. This process is part of the nitrogen cycle and is not directly related to the breakdown of organic matter.

4. To which section of the library should Jorgen go to locate these works?

• A. 100
• B. 200
• C. 700
• D. 800

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Jorgen should go to Section 800 to locate The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer. These works are literary masterpieces and would be categorized under literature in the library. While sections 100, 200, and 700 cover Philosophy and psychology, Religion, and Arts and recreation respectively, they are not the most suitable sections for finding works of literature like The Iliad and The Odyssey.

5. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for adding a nucleotide to a growing DNA chain?

• A. Helicase
• B. Ligase
• C. Nuclease
• D. Polymerase

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Polymerase. Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to a growing DNA chain during DNA replication. Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix to separate the DNA strands for replication, Ligase joins DNA fragments together by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between them, and Nuclease cuts or degrades DNA strands. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of adding nucleotides to a growing DNA chain.

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