Nursing Elites

1. What is the main factor affecting the acceleration of a ball rolling down an inclined plane?

• A. The material of the ball
• B. The angle of the incline
• C. The air resistance
• D. The ball's initial velocity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main factor affecting the acceleration of a ball rolling down an inclined plane is the angle of the incline. The steeper the incline, the greater the component of the gravitational force acting parallel to the incline, leading to a higher acceleration of the ball. While the material of the ball, air resistance, and the ball's initial velocity may have some influence on the motion, the angle of the incline is the primary factor determining acceleration in this scenario. The material of the ball does not significantly affect its acceleration on the incline unless it impacts the friction with the surface. Air resistance plays a minor role in the acceleration of the ball compared to the gravitational force. The ball's initial velocity affects the speed at the start but does not influence the acceleration down the incline.

2. Which of the following structures is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?

• A. Bronchi
• B. Alveoli
• C. Trachea
• D. Diaphragm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Oxygen from inhaled air diffuses into the blood vessels surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the blood is released into the alveoli to be exhaled. The bronchi are air passages that carry air into the lungs but do not participate in gas exchange. The trachea is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi and serves as an airway for breathing. The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in the breathing process by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the chest cavity.

3. Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair?

• A. Meiosis
• B. Mitosis
• C. Binary fission
• D. Osmosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mitosis is the correct type of cell division responsible for growth and repair. During mitosis, a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells, contributing to growth and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. Meiosis, on the other hand, is involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, and osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to growth and repair in multicellular organisms.

4. What property of a wave determines its speed in a given medium?

• A. Amplitude
• B. Wavelength
• C. Frequency
• D. Medium's properties

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the properties of that medium, such as its density and elasticity. While amplitude, wavelength, and frequency are important characteristics of a wave, they do not directly impact its speed in a specific medium. Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of particles in a wave, wavelength is the distance between two successive points in a wave that are in phase, and frequency is the number of complete oscillations a wave makes in a given time. However, these properties do not dictate the speed of a wave in a particular medium. Therefore, the correct answer is the medium's properties.

5. Which hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, stimulates the production of milk in mammary glands during breastfeeding?

• A. Growth hormone (GH)
• B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• C. Prolactin
• D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of milk in mammary glands during breastfeeding. It plays a crucial role in lactation by promoting the development of mammary tissue and the production of milk. Growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do not directly stimulate milk production in mammary glands. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect in the context of stimulating milk production during breastfeeding.

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