NCLEX NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Question of The Day
1. After experiencing a left frontal lobe CVA, a fifty-five-year-old man is being monitored by a nurse. The patient’s family is not present in the room. What should the nurse observe most closely for?
- A. Changes in emotion and behavior
- B. Monitor loss of hearing
- C. Observe appetite and vision deficits
- D. Changes in facial muscle control
Correct answer: Changes in emotion and behavior
Rationale: The correct answer is to watch for changes in emotion and behavior. The frontal lobe, particularly the left side, is responsible for regulating behavior and emotions. Therefore, following a left frontal lobe CVA, monitoring for alterations in emotion and behavior is crucial. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because loss of hearing, appetite and vision deficits, and changes in facial muscle control are not directly associated with a left frontal lobe CVA.
2. When a client has a chest drainage system in place, where should the system be placed?
- A. above the level of the client's chest
- B. at the level of the client's shoulders
- C. at the level of the chest
- D. below the level of the chest
Correct answer: below the level of the chest
Rationale: A chest drainage system should be placed below the level of the client’s chest to ensure proper drainage of fluid from the chest. Placing the system above the level of the chest or at the shoulders would not allow gravity to assist in the drainage process, potentially leading to complications such as fluid accumulation. Similarly, placing it at the level of the chest would not create the necessary gravity-dependent flow for effective drainage, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the chest drainage system.
3. The client is going for surgery and mentions their religious objection to blood transfusions. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate?
- A. “I can ask pastoral care to send someone to speak with you about this concern since it would not be safe to refuse a blood transfusion.”
- B. “I understand, and you have the right to refuse blood transfusions.”
- C. “While I understand, if there is excessive bleeding during surgery, we may need to transfuse blood to stabilize you.”
- D. “I have received a blood transfusion before, and I do not think you understand the risks versus the benefits of refusing this.”
Correct answer: “I understand, and you have the right to refuse blood transfusions.”
Rationale: The most appropriate response is, '“I understand, and you have the right to refuse blood transfusions.” This answer shows respect for the client's autonomy and religious beliefs. It is crucial for healthcare providers to acknowledge and support a patient's decision-making regarding their care, even if it conflicts with medical advice. Option A is not ideal as it might seem dismissive of the client's beliefs. Option C introduces a potential negative outcome of refusing a blood transfusion, which could induce fear or coercion. Option D is inappropriate because it implies judgment and does not uphold the client's autonomy.
4. A woman in labor whose cervix is not completely dilated is pushing strenuously during contractions. Which method of breathing should the nurse encourage the woman to perform to help her overcome the urge to push?
- A. Holding her breath and using the Valsalva maneuver
- B. Blowing repeatedly in short puffs
- C. Cleansing breaths
- D. Deep inspiration and expiration at the beginning and end, respectively, of each contraction
Correct answer: Blowing repeatedly in short puffs
Rationale: If a woman pushes strenuously before the cervix is completely dilated, she risks injury to the cervix and the fetal head. Blowing prevents closure of the glottis and breath-holding, helping overcome the urge to push strenuously. The woman would be encouraged to blow repeatedly, using short puffs, when the urge to push is strong. This breathing technique allows for controlled exhalation and helps prevent unnecessary pushing. Cleansing breaths (deep inspiration and expiration at the beginning and end of each contraction) are encouraged during the first stage of labor to provide oxygenation and reduce myometrial hypoxia and to promote relaxation. Holding her breath and using the Valsalva maneuver (choice A) is not recommended as it can increase intra-abdominal pressure and decrease venous return, potentially compromising fetal oxygenation. Deep inspiration and expiration at the beginning and end of each contraction (choice D) are more suitable for relaxation and oxygenation purposes rather than managing the urge to push.
5. What intervention should the nurse take for a client who has sustained a hyphema?
- A. Instruct the client to wear eye protectors in the future
- B. Keep the client at bed rest, typically with the head of the bed propped up
- C. Apply atropine eyedrops
- D. Apply an ice pack to the site of injury
Correct answer: Keep the client at bed rest, typically with the head of the bed propped up
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client who has sustained a hyphema is to keep them at bed rest, usually with the head of the bed raised. This positioning helps to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent further damage or rebleeding. Instructing the client to wear eye protectors in the future (Choice A) is not the immediate intervention required for a hyphema. Applying atropine eyedrops (Choice C) is not typically indicated for a hyphema. Applying an ice pack to the site of injury (Choice D) is not recommended for a hyphema as it can increase the risk of rebleeding. Therefore, the correct answer is to keep the client at bed rest.
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