NCLEX-PN
NCLEX-PN Quizlet 2023
1. Which of the following diseases or conditions is least likely to be associated with an increased potential for bleeding?
- A. metastatic liver cancer
- B. gram-negative septicemia
- C. pernicious anemia
- D. iron-deficiency anemia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Pernicious anemia is least likely to be associated with an increased potential for bleeding compared to the other conditions listed. Pernicious anemia is a condition resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency due to the absence of intrinsic factor, necessary for B12 absorption. While pernicious anemia can lead to neurological issues, it is not directly linked to an increased risk of bleeding. Metastatic liver cancer can cause liver dysfunction leading to coagulopathy, gram-negative septicemia can result in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and iron-deficiency anemia can lead to microcytic hypochromic red blood cells, increasing the risk of bleeding. Therefore, pernicious anemia is the least likely to be associated with an increased potential for bleeding out of the options provided.
2. Which of the following blood pressure parameters indicates PIH? Elevation over a baseline of:
- A. 30 mmHg systolic and/or 15 mmHg diastolic.
- B. 40 mmHg systolic and/or 20 mmHg diastolic.
- C. 10 mmHg systolic and/or 5 mmHg diastolic.
- D. 20 mmHg systolic and/or 20 mmHg diastolic.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 30 mmHg systolic and/or 15 mmHg diastolic. These parameters indicate mild PIH (pregnancy-induced hypertension). Mild preeclampsia is characterized by an increase in systolic blood pressure greater than 30 mmHg or an increase in diastolic blood pressure greater than 15 mmHg, observed on two readings taken 6 hours apart (or reaching 140/90). Choice B (40 mmHg systolic and/or 20 mmHg diastolic) represents a more significant elevation and would indicate a more severe condition than mild PIH. Choices C (10 mmHg systolic and/or 5 mmHg diastolic) and D (20 mmHg systolic and/or 20 mmHg diastolic) do not meet the criteria for indicating PIH as they are below the accepted parameters for mild PIH.
3. How can light therapy be effective?
- A. Improving weight problems.
- B. Assisting with allergies.
- C. Using in alternative medical treatments.
- D. Working with sleep patterns.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Light therapy can be effective in treating problems associated with sleep patterns, stress, moods, jaundice in newborns, and seasonal affective disorders. While light therapy may have other potential benefits, such as improving mood or helping with seasonal affective disorders, the main focus and effectiveness of light therapy are commonly linked to regulating sleep patterns. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Working with sleep patterns.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as light therapy is not primarily used for overcoming weight problems, helping with allergies, or solely as an alternative medical treatment.
4. Elderly persons with pernicious anemia should be instructed:
- A. to increase their dietary intake of foods high in B12.
- B. that they do not need to return for follow-up for at least a month after initiation of treatment.
- C. that oral B12 is safer and less expensive than parenteral replacement.
- D. that diarrhea can be a transient side effect of B12 injections.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Elderly persons with pernicious anemia, a condition characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor, should be informed about the potential side effects of B12 injections. Diarrhea is a known transient side effect of B12 injections, along with pain and burning at the injection site, and peripheral vascular thrombosis. Increasing dietary intake of B12-rich foods would not be sufficient due to the malabsorption issue in pernicious anemia. Follow-up is essential in managing pernicious anemia, so instructing patients they do not need to return for follow-up is incorrect. While oral B12 may be a suitable option for some cases, it is not the preferred choice for pernicious anemia where malabsorption is the primary issue.
5. Herbal therapy has several indications for use. Primarily, herbal therapy is:
- A. used to treat many common complaints and diseases.
- B. used to promote certain types of low-carb diets.
- C. used as an adjunct to medications.
- D. used to create a diet without salt and carbohydrates.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'used to treat many common complaints and diseases.' Herbal therapy is commonly used to address a variety of health issues and ailments by utilizing natural remedies derived from plants. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because herbal therapy's primary purpose is not to promote specific diets, act as an adjunct to medications, or create specific dietary restrictions, but rather to provide alternative treatment options for various health conditions.
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