NCLEX-PN
NCLEX-PN Quizlet 2023
1. What is appropriate care for a client with neutropenia?
- A. Avoiding fresh fruits and vegetables.
- B. Having a private room.
- C. Wearing a mask when out of the room.
- D. Practicing routine hand washing.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a client has neutropenia, they have low white blood cell levels, which increases the risk of infections due to a weakened immune system. Wearing a mask when out of the room is crucial to reduce the risk of exposure to respiratory infections. Avoiding fresh fruits and vegetables is also necessary as they may contain harmful pathogens. Having a private room helps minimize exposure to pathogens and ensures that visitors are carefully screened for any signs of illness. Routine hand washing is essential to prevent the spread of infections in the healthcare setting, but the most direct measure to protect the client from potential infections is wearing a mask when out of the room.
2. A nurse working in a pediatric clinic observes the following situations. Which of the following may indicate a delayed child to the nurse?
- A. A 12-month-old that does not 'cruise'.
- B. An 8-month-old that can sit upright unsupported.
- C. A 6-month-old that is rolling prone to supine.
- D. A 3-month-old that does not roll supine to prone.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A 12-month-old that does not 'cruise''. At 12 months, a child should at least be 'cruising' (holding on to objects to walk), which is considered pre-walking. The other choices describe age-appropriate developmental milestones: sitting upright unsupported by 8 months, rolling prone to supine by 6 months, and rolling supine to prone by 3 months. Not 'cruising' at 12 months may indicate a delay in motor skills development.
3. Which of the following injuries, if demonstrated by a client entering the Emergency Department, is the highest priority?
- A. open leg fracture
- B. open head injury
- C. stab wound to the chest
- D. traumatic amputation of a thumb
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A stab wound to the chest might result in lung collapse and mediastinal shift that, if untreated, could lead to death. Treatment of an obstructed airway or a chest wound is a higher priority than hemorrhage. The principle of ABC (airway, breathing, and circulation) prioritizes care decisions. In this scenario, the stab wound to the chest poses the highest risk to the client's life as it can lead to severe complications such as lung collapse and mediastinal shift. Addressing this injury promptly is crucial to prevent further harm or potential fatality. Open leg fracture, open head injury, and traumatic amputation of a thumb, while serious, do not pose an immediate life-threatening risk compared to a stab wound to the chest.
4. One drug can alter the absorption of another drug. One drug increases intestinal motility. Which effect does this have on the second drug?
- A. None; absorption of the second drug is not affected.
- B. The increased gut motility decreases the absorption of the second drug.
- C. The absorption of the second drug cannot be predicted.
- D. Less of the second drug is absorbed.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When one drug increases intestinal motility, it accelerates the movement of the second drug through the system. Since most oral medications are absorbed in the intestine, the faster transit time decreases the absorption of the second drug. Therefore, less of the second drug is absorbed. Choice A is incorrect because the increased gut motility does affect the absorption of the second drug. Choice C is incorrect as the effect of increased intestinal motility on drug absorption can be predicted based on pharmacokinetic principles. Choice B is incorrect as increased gut motility would not increase but decrease the absorption of the second drug.
5. How can the nurse promote relief of muscle pain, spasms, and tension?
- A. Encouraging the client to continue their activities as usual.
- B. Immobilizing the client.
- C. Applying heat, cold, pressure, or vibration to the painful area.
- D. Administering pain medication as needed to ease the muscle.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To promote relief of muscle pain, spasms, and tension, the nurse should consider applying heat, cold, pressure, or vibration to the painful area. These interventions can help alleviate pain associated with muscle tension, pain, or spasms. Choice A is incorrect because encouraging the client to continue their activities as usual may exacerbate the pain. Choice B is incorrect as immobilizing the client may not address the underlying issue and could potentially lead to further complications. Choice D is also incorrect because while pain medication can be used, it is not the first-line treatment for muscle pain, spasms, and tension.
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