NCLEX-PN
Nclex Practice Questions 2024
1. Which of the following describes the stages of domestic violence in an intimate relationship?
- A. happiness, crisis, angry outburst, intervention
- B. honeymoon period, escalation of stress, outburst, reconciliation
- C. acting out and making up
- D. peace and calm, angry outburst, peace and calm, denial
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'honeymoon period, escalation of stress, outburst, reconciliation.' A pattern of behavior known as the cycle of abuse involves these stages. It starts with a honeymoon phase, followed by a buildup of stress, an outburst which may involve violence, and then reconciliation. This cycle is commonly observed in domestic violence situations. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately represent the stages of domestic violence in intimate relationships. Choice A mixes positive and negative elements, while choice C simplifies the complex dynamics of domestic violence. Choice D repeats 'peace and calm' inappropriately and includes 'denial,' which is not typically a stage in the cycle of abuse.
2. A client with suspected renal disease is to undergo a renal biopsy. The nurse plans to include which statement in the teaching session?
- A. "You will be positioned lying down during the examination procedure."?
- B. "Portions of the procedure will cause pain or discomfort."?
- C. "You may be given anesthesia during the procedure."?
- D. "You should refrain from eating or drinking before the procedure."?
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to inform the client that portions of the renal biopsy procedure can cause pain or discomfort, particularly when the sample is being withdrawn. This prepares the client for any unpleasant sensations during the procedure. Answer A is incorrect because the client will be positioned lying down, not sitting up, during the exam, so this information is not relevant to include in the teaching session. Answer C is incorrect as anesthesia is commonly used to numb the area for a renal biopsy, reducing pain, so the client can expect to receive anesthesia. Answer D is incorrect because clients are usually instructed to refrain from eating or drinking for a period before the procedure to prevent any complications during the biopsy, not simply before the study.
3. A man reports his wife is constantly cleaning, which interferes with family life. Friends avoid visiting due to feeling uncomfortable. The husband finds her cleaning even at night. The nurse should consult and recommend the husband help with therapy by:
- A. telling his wife to stop cleaning whenever he notices her actions.
- B. making a baseline record of the time the wife spends cleaning.
- C. decreasing the stimuli in the home.
- D. helping his wife with the cleaning.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to decrease the stimuli in the home. The wife's behavior suggests obsessive-compulsive disorder, an anxiety disorder. By reducing stimuli in the environment, such as clutter or triggers that prompt cleaning, it helps in managing the condition and promoting a calmer atmosphere. Option A is incorrect as directly telling the wife to stop can escalate her anxiety. Option B is not the priority initially, as addressing the root cause is more crucial. Option D may reinforce the behavior rather than addressing the underlying issue.
4. A nurse is teaching the mother of an 11-month-old infant how to clean the infant's teeth. The nurse tells the mother to take which action?
- A. Use a small amount of toothpaste and a soft-bristle toothbrush
- B. Use water and a cotton swab and rub the teeth
- C. Use diluted fluoride and rub the teeth with a soft washcloth
- D. Dip the infant's pacifier in maple syrup so that the infant will suck
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action when cleaning an infant's teeth is to use water and a cotton swab to gently rub the teeth. This method helps in removing any food particles or plaque buildup without the risks associated with toothpaste ingestion. Using a small amount of toothpaste and a soft-bristle toothbrush is not recommended for infants as they may swallow the toothpaste, leading to potential fluoride ingestion issues. Using diluted fluoride and rubbing the teeth with a soft washcloth is unnecessary at this age since infants typically receive fluoride through other sources like formula. Dipping the infant's pacifier in maple syrup is highly inappropriate and poses a significant risk of tooth decay due to the high sugar content, which can harm the infant's teeth.
5. If the client is receiving peritoneal dialysis and the dialysate returns cloudy, what should the nurse do?
- A. Document the finding
- B. Send a specimen to the lab
- C. Strain the dialysate
- D. Obtain a complete blood count
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When the dialysate returns cloudy, it could indicate the presence of infection, and sending a specimen to the lab for evaluation is crucial to determine the cause. Documenting the finding alone, as in choice A, may not provide enough information for proper intervention. Straining the dialysate, as in choice C, is not a standard practice and may not help identify the underlying issue. Obtaining a complete blood count, as in choice D, is not directly related to addressing cloudiness in the dialysate. However, the healthcare provider might order a white blood cell count to assess for infection.
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