NCLEX-PN
Best NCLEX Next Gen Prep
1. When administering a nasal spray medication, what should the client do before the medication is administered?
- A. The client should blow their nose gently before the medication is administered.
- B. The medication should be sprayed into the nostril.
- C. The medication should be administered as the client inhales.
- D. The client should sit upright when the medication is administered.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is that the client should blow their nose gently before the medication is administered. This step helps clear the nasal passages, ensuring that the medication can reach its intended target. Choice B is incorrect as the nasal spray should be directed into the nostril, not just in front of the nose. Administering the medication as the client inhales (Choice C) is crucial to ensure proper delivery, as it helps the medication reach the desired areas. Choice D is incorrect because the client should be sitting upright, not lying flat, when administering nasal spray medication to allow for better absorption and prevent the medication from flowing out.
2. Which of the following physical findings indicates that an 11-12-month-old child is at risk for developmental dysplasia of the hip?
- A. refusal to walk
- B. not pulling to a standing position
- C. negative Trendelenburg sign
- D. negative Ortolani sign
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'not pulling to a standing position.' If an 11-12-month-old child is unable to pull to a standing position, it can indicate a risk for developmental dysplasia of the hip. By 15 months of age, children should be walking, so delayed standing can be a red flag. The Trendelenburg sign is associated with gluteus medius muscle weakness, not hip dysplasia, making choice C incorrect. The Ortolani sign is used to detect congenital hip subluxation or dislocation, not developmental dysplasia, making choice D incorrect.
3. When assisting the physician in performing transillumination of a client's scrotum, how should the nurse prepare for this procedure?
- A. Obtaining a flashlight and darkening the room
- B. Instructing the client to drink three glasses of water
- C. Instructing the client to take several deep breaths and bear down
- D. Telling the client that the procedure is very uncomfortable but that the discomfort will only last for a few moments
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When preparing for transillumination of the scrotum, the nurse should obtain a flashlight and darken the room. This is done to allow the strong flashlight to be shined from behind the scrotal contents. Normal scrotal contents do not appear on transillumination. Instructing the client to drink fluids or to take deep breaths and bear down is not part of the preparation for this procedure. Additionally, it is not necessary to inform the client that the procedure is uncomfortable as transillumination is a painless procedure.
4. The goals of palliative care include all of the following except:
- A. giving clients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life possible
- B. taking care of the whole person"?body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul
- C. no interventions are needed because the client is near death
- D. supporting the needs of the family and client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The goals of palliative care include choices A, B, and D. Choice C, 'no interventions are needed because the client is near death,' is not part of palliative care. Palliative care involves giving clients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life possible, taking care of the whole person"?body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul, and supporting the needs of the family and client. Interventions are crucial in palliative care to ensure the comfort and well-being of the client until the end of life. Therefore, the correct answer is that no interventions are needed because the client is near death.
5. What are major competencies for the nurse giving end-of-life care?
- A. demonstrating respect and compassion, and applying knowledge and skills in the care of the family and the client.
- B. assessing and intervening to support total management of the family and client.
- C. setting goals, expectations, and dynamic changes to care for the client.
- D. keeping all sad news away from the family and client.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Major competencies for nurses providing end-of-life care involve a combination of skills and qualities. Demonstrating respect and compassion towards the family and the client is essential in end-of-life care. Additionally, applying knowledge and skills in caring for both the family and the client is crucial to ensure comprehensive and compassionate care. Option A is the correct choice as it accurately reflects these key competencies. Option B, which focuses on assessing and intervening for total management, is important but does not fully address the holistic approach necessary for end-of-life care. Option C, about setting goals and expectations, is relevant but not as critical as the core competencies mentioned in option A. Option D is incorrect as withholding sad news goes against the principles of honesty and transparency in end-of-life care.
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