NCLEX-PN
Nclex Questions Management of Care
1. The nurse is preparing to administer the 9 am dose of IV antibiotics when she notes the IVAC cord is frayed with wiring visible. What action should be her priority for this client?
- A. Notify maintenance to come and check the pump immediately.
- B. Continue with the administration of the antibiotic and fill out an equipment maintenance request.
- C. Immediately discontinue the use of this IVAC pump and obtain a replacement.
- D. Tag the equipment for maintenance.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to immediately discontinue the use of the IVAC pump and obtain a replacement because the frayed cord poses a safety risk to the client. Continuing to use the pump with visible wiring could lead to electric shock or other serious harm to the client. Notifying maintenance to come and check the pump immediately (Choice A) may cause unnecessary delays in ensuring the client's safety. Continuing with the administration of the antibiotic and filling out an equipment maintenance request (Choice B) is unsafe as it ignores the immediate danger. Tagging the equipment for maintenance (Choice D) does not address the urgent need to protect the client from harm.
2. Pulling is easier than pushing. So pulling a client rather than pushing them has which of the following advantages?
- A. reduces workload
- B. decreases opposition from gravity
- C. maintains stability
- D. prevents muscle strain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When pulling a client, you work with the gravitational force instead of opposing it, which reduces the workload on your muscles. Choosing to pull a client minimizes the effort required compared to pushing. Choice B is incorrect because the force of gravity remains constant regardless of pushing or pulling. Choice C is irrelevant as stability is not directly related to the advantage of pulling over pushing. Choice D is inaccurate because pulling can still strain muscles if not executed correctly, but it generally reduces the overall workload in comparison to pushing.
3. The nurse has completed client teaching about introducing solid foods to an infant. To evaluate teaching, the nurse asks the mother to identify an appropriate first solid food. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
- A. pureed canned squash
- B. pureed apples
- C. yogurt
- D. infant rice cereal
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is infant rice cereal. Single-grain infant cereals are recommended as the first solid food because they are easily digestible and have added iron content. Choice C, yogurt, is incorrect because yogurt is a milk product and should be delayed until the child is 12 months old due to the risk of milk allergy. Choices A and B are incorrect because fruits and vegetables are typically introduced after cereals to help the infant get accustomed to solid foods gradually.
4. In an emergency situation, the nurse determines whether a client has an airway obstruction. Which of the following does the nurse assess?
- A. ability to speak
- B. ability to hear
- C. oxygen saturation
- D. adventitious breath sounds
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In an emergency situation, assessing the client's ability to speak is crucial in determining airway obstruction. If a client can speak, it indicates that the airway is patent and not completely obstructed. Choices B and C, assessing the ability to hear and oxygen saturation, are not directly indicative of an airway obstruction. Choice D, adventitious breath sounds, may be present in conditions like asthma or pneumonia but are not specific to determining an airway obstruction.
5. What dietary alterations should a pregnant client with congenital heart disease expect?
- A. reduced calories and reduced fat
- B. caffeine and sodium restrictions
- C. decreased protein and increased complex carbohydrates
- D. fluid restriction and reduced calories
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a pregnant client with congenital heart disease, caffeine should be restricted as it can increase heart rate, which is already under stress due to pregnancy. Sodium restrictions may be necessary to prevent fluid retention, which can worsen the client's heart condition. Decreasing calories, fat, protein, or fluid may not be appropriate as these can lead to nutrient deficiencies or inadequate energy intake, which is crucial during pregnancy. Therefore, options A, C, and D are not the expected dietary alterations in the client's diet during pregnancy with congenital heart disease.
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