NCLEX NCLEX-PN
2024 PN NCLEX Questions
1. The nurse notes that a client in later adulthood has tremors of the hands. Based on this finding, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Ask the healthcare provider about referring the client to a neurological specialist.
- B. Obtain a prescription for a muscle relaxant.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
- D. Document the findings.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a nurse observes senile tremors, such as intentional tremor of the hands in a client in later adulthood, it is important to document the findings. Senile tremors are benign and a normal age-related occurrence. Referring the client to a neurological specialist (Choice A) is unnecessary as senile tremors do not require specialized neurological intervention. Prescribing a muscle relaxant (Choice B) is not indicated since senile tremors are benign and not typically treated with muscle relaxants. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately (Choice C) is unnecessary as senile tremors do not require urgent intervention. Therefore, the most appropriate action is to document the findings (Choice D) for the client's medical record and to establish a baseline for future assessments.
2. The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for a surgical repair of a sacular abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which assessment is most crucial during the preoperative period?
- A. Assessment of the client’s level of anxiety
- B. Evaluation of the client’s exercise tolerance
- C. Identification of peripheral pulses
- D. Assessment of bowel sounds and activity
Correct answer: Identification of peripheral pulses
Rationale: The most crucial assessment during the preoperative period for a client with a sacular abdominal aortic aneurysm scheduled for surgical repair is the identification of peripheral pulses. During surgery, the aorta will be clamped, potentially affecting blood circulation to the kidneys and lower extremities. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to assess peripheral pulses and monitor the return of circulation to the lower extremities postoperatively. Assessing the client’s level of anxiety (Choice A) is important but not as crucial as ensuring adequate circulation. Evaluating exercise tolerance (Choice B) is not recommended preoperatively for this situation. Assessing bowel sounds and activity (Choice D) is of lesser concern compared to the critical need to monitor peripheral circulation.
3. A laboring client is experiencing late decelerations. Which position should she be placed in?
- A. left lateral
- B. lithotomy
- C. semi-Fowler’s
- D. right lateral
Correct answer: left lateral
Rationale: The correct answer is the left lateral position. Placing the laboring client in the left lateral position is beneficial because it promotes blood flow to the placenta. Late decelerations indicate potential issues with fetal oxygenation, and changing the position to left lateral can help improve placental perfusion. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because lithotomy, semi-Fowler’s, and right lateral positions do not specifically address the need for improved blood flow to the placenta in cases of late decelerations.
4. Upon arrival at the emergency room, the client presents with severe burns to the left arm, hands, face, and neck. What action should take priority?
- A. Starting an IV
- B. Applying oxygen
- C. Obtaining blood gases
- D. Medicating the client for pain
Correct answer: Applying oxygen
Rationale: In a client with severe burns to the face and neck, airway assessment and supplemental oxygen are crucial. Therefore, applying oxygen is the priority to ensure adequate oxygenation for the client. This intervention takes precedence over other actions to stabilize the client's condition. Starting an IV for fluid resuscitation is the next appropriate step following ensuring oxygenation (Choice A). While pain management is important, it is a secondary priority after ensuring oxygenation and fluid resuscitation, making medicating the client for pain a later intervention (Choice D). Obtaining blood gases (Choice C) is not the immediate priority in this scenario and would typically be ordered by the healthcare provider based on the client's condition and response to initial interventions.
5. When teaching a client about anti-retroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the PN should emphasize:
- A. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent viral resistance.
- B. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent opportunistic infection.
- C. Therapy should not be interrupted for one day each month to prevent toxicity.
- D. Therapy should not be interrupted for one week every three months to prevent toxicity.
Correct answer: When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent viral resistance.
Rationale: When teaching a client about anti-retroviral therapy for HIV, it is crucial to emphasize that therapy must not be interrupted to prevent viral resistance. HIV mutates rapidly, and any interruption can lead to the emergence of resistant strains, compromising treatment effectiveness. Choice B is incorrect because keeping the virus in check with anti-retrovirals helps the client's immune system fight off opportunistic infections. Choices C and D are incorrect because therapy should not be interrupted for any reason. If toxicity occurs, the healthcare provider may adjust the treatment regimen by prescribing alternative anti-retroviral drugs.
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