Nursing Elites

1. While Fluorouracil (5FU®) is being infused, a client complains of burning at the IV site. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Aspirate the IV site for blood return.
• B. Slow the infusion.
• C. Inspect the IV site.
• D. Stop the infusion.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse is to inspect the IV site. This is important to assess for any signs of infiltration or extravasation, which could be causing the burning sensation. Aspirating the IV site for blood return (Choice A) may not be the initial priority as it does not directly address the client's complaint of burning. Slowing the infusion (Choice B) may help alleviate discomfort but should not be done before inspecting the site. Stopping the infusion (Choice D) may be necessary, but inspecting the site should come first to determine the appropriate course of action.

2. Which infection control measure is the priority for the nurse to implement in the care provided for a child admitted to the hospital with bacterial meningitis?

• A. Place the child in a private room
• B. Gowns and masks must be worn by all personnel in the child’s room
• C. Visitors are restricted to parents only
• D. Hand washing is required by all personnel and visitors having contact with the child

Correct answer: Gowns and masks must be worn by all personnel in the child’s room

Rationale: The priority control measure for the nurse to implement in caring for a child with bacterial meningitis is ensuring that gowns and masks are worn by all personnel in the child's room. This measure is crucial as the child with bacterial meningitis is contagious for at least 24 hours after starting antibiotics, necessitating airborne precautions to prevent the spread of infection to healthcare workers and other patients. Placing the child in a private room (Choice A) is important but secondary to preventing infection transmission. Restricting visitors to parents only (Choice C) is also significant but not as critical as ensuring proper infection control measures. While hand washing (Choice D) is essential, the immediate need to prevent airborne transmission in the child's room takes precedence.

3. Which type of exercises might be prescribed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles of a client with urinary incontinence?

• A. Kegel
• B. resistance
• C. passive
• D. stretching

Correct answer: Kegel

Rationale: The correct answer is Kegel. Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, making them an effective treatment for urinary incontinence. These exercises involve contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles, which helps to improve muscle tone and control. Choice B, resistance exercises, may not directly target the pelvic floor muscles as effectively as Kegel exercises. Passive exercises (Choice C) do not actively engage the muscles and are unlikely to strengthen the pelvic floor. Stretching exercises (Choice D) focus on increasing flexibility rather than muscle strength, so they are not the most appropriate for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles in the context of urinary incontinence.

4. Which of the following medications is not classified as a neuromuscular blocker?

• A. Anectine
• B. Pavulon
• C. Pitressin
• D. Mivacron

Correct answer: Pitressin

Rationale: The correct answer is Pitressin. Pitressin is a hormone replacement medication and is not classified as a neuromuscular blocker. Choices A, B, and D (Anectine, Pavulon, Mivacron) are neuromuscular blockers used during anesthesia to induce muscle relaxation for various procedures. Anectine is also known as succinylcholine, Pavulon is rocuronium, and Mivacron is mivacurium. These medications act on the neuromuscular junction to block the transmission of nerve impulses, leading to muscle relaxation.

5. A homeless person has been admitted to the medical unit and placed on airborne precautions for suspected active TB infection. The nurse will assess for these signs and symptoms (Select one that doesn't apply).

• A. Weight gain
• B. Fatigue
• C. Bloody sputum
• D. Diaphoresis during sleep

Correct answer: Weight gain

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Weight gain.' When assessing for signs and symptoms of active TB infection, weight loss is typically observed rather than weight gain. Other common signs and symptoms include fatigue, bloody sputum, and diaphoresis during sleep. Fatigue, bloody sputum, and diaphoresis during sleep are all associated with active TB infection. Weight gain is not typically seen in active TB; instead, patients usually experience weight loss due to the impact of the infection on their overall health.

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