NCLEX NCLEX-PN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX PN Questions
1. During an interview, what action should a nurse conducting an interview with a client take to collect subjective data?
- A. Takes minimal notes to avoid impeding observation of the client’s nonverbal behaviors
- B. Takes a great deal of notes to allow the client to continue at his or her own pace as the nurse records what he or she is saying
- C. Takes notes because this allows the nurse to break eye contact with the client, which may increase the client’s level of comfort
- D. Takes notes to allow the nurse to shift attention away from the client, which may make the nurse more comfortable
Correct answer: Takes minimal notes to avoid impeding observation of the client’s nonverbal behaviors
Rationale: During an interview, a nurse should minimize note-taking to focus on the client and not impede the conversation. Taking minimal notes allows the nurse to effectively observe the client's nonverbal behaviors, which provide valuable subjective data. Option B, taking many notes, is incorrect as it can distract the nurse from the client's cues and hinder interaction. Option C, taking notes to break eye contact, is incorrect as it may decrease the client's comfort level and disrupt communication. Option D, taking notes to shift attention away from the client, is incorrect as it diminishes the client's importance and may make them uncomfortable during sensitive discussions. Therefore, the correct approach is for the nurse to take minimal notes, ensuring effective observation of the client’s nonverbal behaviors while collecting subjective data.
2. A client scheduled for a left mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection is wearing a wedding band on her left ring finger. The nurse should take which action?
- A. Tape the wedding band in place
- B. Ask the client to sign a release freeing the hospital of responsibility if the wedding band is lost during surgery
- C. Explain to the client why the wedding band must be removed
- D. Ask the client whether she would like to remove the wedding band or wear it to surgery
Correct answer: Explain to the client why the wedding band must be removed
Rationale: In most situations, a wedding band may be taped in place and worn during a surgical procedure. However, if there is a possibility that the client will experience swelling of the hand or fingers, the wedding band should be removed. On admission to a healthcare facility, the client is usually asked to sign a form that releases the agency from responsibility if a client's valuables are lost. After a mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection, the client is at risk for lymphedema, which can result in swelling of the arm and hand on the affected side. Therefore, the appropriate nursing action is to ask the client to remove the wedding band and explain why. This ensures the client's safety and prevents potential complications. Option A is incorrect because taping the wedding band may not be sufficient if swelling occurs. Option B is incorrect as it does not address the immediate need to remove the wedding band. Option D is incorrect because it fails to provide the client with the necessary information about the potential risks of wearing the wedding band during surgery.
3. A client describes her cervical mucus as clear, thin, and elastic. Upon examination, the nurse demonstrates that the cervical mucus can be stretched 8–10 cm. The nurse correctly documents the finding as:
- A. increased ferning capacity.
- B. lack of ferning.
- C. spinnbarkheit.
- D. inhospitable.
Correct answer: spinnbarkheit.
Rationale: The nurse should document the finding as 'spinnbarkheit.' Spinnbarkheit is the term used to describe the clear, thin, and elastic cervical mucus that can be stretched 8–10 cm, indicating ovulation. It helps couples determine the most fertile period for conception. Ferning capacity or crystallization increases as ovulation approaches, but it requires microscopic examination to be confirmed. Lack of ferning cannot be determined without such examination. 'Inhospitable' cervical mucus refers to patterns that prohibit sperm motility, caused by various factors like hormone levels or infection. These conditions cannot be assessed based solely on the description provided in the question.
4. Which of the following foods is a complete protein?
- A. corn
- B. eggs
- C. peanuts
- D. sunflower seeds
Correct answer: eggs
Rationale: The correct answer is 'eggs.' Eggs are considered a complete protein as they contain all nine essential amino acids required by the body. On the other hand, corn, peanuts, and sunflower seeds are incomplete proteins, meaning they lack one or more of the essential amino acids needed by the body for optimal health. Corn, peanuts, and sunflower seeds are plant-based proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids, unlike eggs, which are a high-quality complete protein source.
5. When a 25-year-old client complains of chest congestion and cough after previously presenting with cold symptoms, what data should the nurse collect?
- A. Data related to follow-up care
- B. A complete health database
- C. Data related to the respiratory system
- D. Data related to the treatment for the cold
Correct answer: C: Data related to the respiratory system
Rationale: In this case, the nurse should collect data related to the respiratory system since the client is presenting with symptoms like chest congestion and cough, indicating a respiratory issue. Focusing on the respiratory system will help gather pertinent information to assess the current problem comprehensively. A complete health database involves a detailed health history and full physical examination, which is beyond the immediate scope of the presenting issue. Data related to follow-up care is premature as the primary focus should be on assessing the current respiratory symptoms. Data related to the treatment for the cold is not the priority at this stage, as understanding the underlying respiratory problem is crucial for appropriate intervention.
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