Nursing Elites

1. A case manager is serving on a community task force on violence in schools. The members of the task force are planning to develop interventions to help prevent violence. According to the nursing process, which is the first activity that the case manager would suggest to the task force?

• A. Teaching schoolchildren about the dangers of school violence
• B. Conducting a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence
• C. Looking at what other communities are doing about school violence
• D. Distributing flyers that identify the causes of school violence to families in the community

Correct answer: Conducting a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence

Rationale: The correct answer is to conduct a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence. In the nursing process, assessment is always the first step. By conducting a survey, the task force can gather important data about how the community perceives school violence, which is essential for developing effective interventions. Choices A, C, and D involve actions that come after the assessment phase. Teaching schoolchildren about the dangers of violence and distributing flyers are important activities but should come after understanding the community's perceptions and needs. Looking at what other communities are doing is valuable but should also follow a thorough assessment of the specific community's needs and perceptions.

2. A client is complaining of difficulty walking secondary to a mass in the foot. The nurse should document this finding as:

• A. Plantar fasciitis.
• B. Hallux valgus.
• C. Hammertoe.
• D. Morton’s neuroma.

Correct answer: D: Morton’s neuroma.

Rationale: The correct answer is Morton’s neuroma. Morton’s neuroma is a small mass or tumor in a digital nerve of the foot, causing symptoms such as pain and difficulty walking. Hallux valgus is commonly known as a bunion and involves the deviation of the big toe towards the other toes. Hammertoe is a condition where one or more toes are bent in a claw-like position. Plantar fasciitis is characterized by pain and inflammation in the arch of the foot, not typically associated with a mass causing difficulty walking.

3. Which of the following foods should be avoided by clients who are prone to developing heartburn as a result of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

• A. lettuce
• B. eggs
• C. chocolate
• D. butterscotch

Correct answer: C: 'chocolate'

Rationale: The correct answer is chocolate. Ingestion of chocolate can reduce lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, leading to reflux and clinical symptoms of GERD. Lettuce and eggs do not significantly affect LES pressure, making them less likely to trigger GERD symptoms. Butterscotch, like lettuce and eggs, does not have a notable effect on LES pressure, so it is not as likely to worsen GERD symptoms as chocolate. Therefore, chocolate is the food to be avoided by clients prone to heartburn due to GERD.

4. The nurse is teaching a teenage female about preventing the transmission of genital herpes. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

• A. “Do not sit on toilet seats without protection.”
• B. “Oral sex can transmit the virus.”
• C. “This infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when you do not feel ill.”
• D. “Try to drink lots of fluids after sex to flush the reproductive tract.”

Correct answer: “This infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when you do not feel ill.”

Rationale: Genital herpes can be transmitted through oral, genital, and anal sex. It's crucial to understand that the infection can be spread through intercourse even when symptoms are not present. Option A is incorrect because genital herpes is not transmitted through toilet seats. Option B is correct as oral sex can transmit the virus. Option D is incorrect as drinking fluids after sex does not prevent the transmission of genital herpes.

5. Which of the following might be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for an epileptic client?

• A. Dysreflexia
• B. Risk for Injury
• C. Urinary Retention
• D. Unbalanced Nutrition

Correct answer: Risk for Injury

Rationale: The correct nursing diagnosis for an epileptic client would be 'Risk for Injury' as the client is prone to injuries during seizure activity, such as head trauma from falls. Epilepsy does not typically cause dysreflexia. While urinary retention may occur during or after a seizure, it is not a common nursing diagnosis related to epilepsy. 'Unbalanced Nutrition' is not a priority nursing diagnosis for an epileptic client compared to the immediate risk of injury during seizures.

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