Nursing Elites

1. When working with multicultural populations, the nurse should consider all of the following when planning care for a client with an altered sexuality pattern except:

• A. some Hispanic and Native-American cultures are very open when discussing sexuality.
• B. some cultures view the postpartum period as a state of impurity.
• C. some women in the African-American culture view childbearing as a validation of their femaleness.
• D. some Native-American women believe monthly menstruation maintains physical well-being and harmony.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When working with multicultural populations, it is essential to understand cultural variations in beliefs and practices related to sexuality. While it is true that some cultures view the postpartum period as a state of impurity and that some women in the African-American culture view childbearing as a validation of their femaleness, the statement 'some Hispanic and Native-American cultures are very open when discussing sexuality' is incorrect. In reality, many cultures, including Hispanic and Native-American cultures, are sometimes hesitant to discuss sexuality. For example, some Navajos, Hispanics, and Orthodox Jews may consider the postpartum period as impure, leading to seclusion of women until the end of bleeding, marked by a ritual bath. Additionally, many Native-American women believe in the importance of monthly menstruation for physical well-being and harmony. Therefore, the statement about Hispanic and Native-American cultures being very open about discussing sexuality is not accurate in the context of working with multicultural populations.

2. The goals of palliative care include all of the following except:

• A. giving clients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life possible
• B. taking care of the whole person"?body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul
• C. no interventions are needed because the client is near death
• D. supporting the needs of the family and client

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The goals of palliative care include choices A, B, and D. Choice C, 'no interventions are needed because the client is near death,' is not part of palliative care. Palliative care involves giving clients with life-threatening illnesses the best quality of life possible, taking care of the whole person"?body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul, and supporting the needs of the family and client. Interventions are crucial in palliative care to ensure the comfort and well-being of the client until the end of life. Therefore, the correct answer is that no interventions are needed because the client is near death.

3. A 2-year-old child diagnosed with HIV comes to a clinic for immunizations. Which of the following vaccines should the healthcare provider expect to administer in addition to the scheduled vaccines?

• A. pneumococcal vaccine
• B. hepatitis A vaccine
• C. Lyme disease vaccine
• D. typhoid vaccine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the pneumococcal vaccine. Children with HIV are at increased risk of pneumococcal infections, so the pneumococcal vaccine is recommended as a supplemental vaccine for them. The hepatitis A vaccine is not routinely given to HIV-positive children unless they have other risk factors for hepatitis A. Lyme disease vaccine is for individuals at risk for Lyme disease, not routinely recommended for a 2-year-old. Typhoid vaccine is typically given to individuals traveling to endemic areas or working in settings with potential exposure to Salmonella typhi, not a routine vaccine for a 2-year-old with HIV.

4. A nurse in a day-care setting is planning play activities for 2- and 3-year-old children. Which toys are most appropriate for these activities?

• A. Finger paints and card games
• B. Blocks and push-pull toys
• C. Videos and cutting-and-pasting toys
• D. Simple board games and puzzles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate toys for 2- and 3-year-old children in a day-care setting are blocks and push-pull toys. Toddlers enjoy objects of different textures like clay, sand, finger paints, and bubbles, as well as push-pull toys, large balls, and sand and water play. They also like activities such as blocks, painting, coloring with large crayons, large puzzles, and playing with trucks or dolls. Finger paints and card games may be more suitable for older children. Videos and cutting-and-pasting toys are generally more appropriate for preschoolers. Blocks and push-pull toys are beneficial for young children as they help in developing fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, spatial awareness, and creativity. These toys also encourage imaginative play and problem-solving, making them ideal choices for toddlers.

5. A nurse assisting with data collection for a client with kidney failure notes that the client has the appearance of generalized edema over the entire body. The nurse documents this finding using which terminology?

• A. Anasarca
• B. Ecchymosis
• C. Unilateral edema
• D. Increased vascularity of the skin tissue

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct term for generalized edema over the entire body is 'Anasarca.' Anasarca is indicative of a systemic issue such as congestive heart failure or kidney failure. It does not refer to increased vascularity of the skin tissue. Ecchymosis is a bruise caused by capillary bleeding into the tissues, unrelated to generalized edema. Unilateral edema is swelling in a specific area of the body, not the generalized edema observed in anasarca.

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