the mother of a newborn who was circumcised before discharge from the hospital calls the nurse at the pediatricians oce and tells the nurse that she i

NCLEX-PN

Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX Questions

1. The mother of a newborn who was circumcised before discharge from the hospital calls the nurse at the pediatrician's office and tells the nurse that she is concerned because she has noticed a yellow crust over the circumcision site. The nurse provides which information to the mother?

A. That it could indicate a sign of an infection and the infant's temperature should be checked every 2 hours
B. That the crust is to be expected as a normal part of healing
C. To bring the infant to the pediatrician's office to be checked
D. To remove the crust, using a warm, wet face cloth and a mild soap

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After circumcision, a yellow crust may form over the circumcision site, which is a normal part of healing and should not be removed. The mother should be reassured that this crust is to be expected. Yellow crusting or discharge is not indicative of an infection, and there is no need to notify the pediatrician. Checking the infant's temperature every 2 hours is unnecessary and may cause unnecessary alarm to the mother.

2. In conducting a health screening for 12-month-old children, the nurse expects them to have been immunized against which of the following diseases?

A. measles, polio, pertussis, hepatitis B
B. diphtheria, pertussis, polio, tetanus
C. rubella, polio, pertussis, hepatitis A
D. measles, mumps, rubella, polio

Correct answer: B

Rationale: By 12 months of age, children should have received vaccines for diphtheria, pertussis, polio, and tetanus (DTaP and IPV). The correct answer is B as it includes these vaccines that are typically administered in the first year of life. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination usually begins at 12 months of age but is not expected to be completed by this time. Choices A and C are incorrect as they include diseases that are not part of the routine immunization schedule for a 12-month-old child.

3. People who live in poverty are most likely to obtain health care from:

A. their primary care physician (family doctor)
B. a neighborhood clinic
C. specialists
D. Emergency Departments or urgent care centers

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Individuals living in poverty often face barriers to accessing regular healthcare services, leading them to utilize Emergency Departments or urgent care centers as their primary source of healthcare. These facilities provide immediate care without the need for appointments or insurance, making them more accessible to those in poverty. While primary care physicians and neighborhood clinics are essential for preventive care, individuals in poverty may have difficulty accessing these services due to financial constraints or lack of insurance. Specialists typically require referrals and may not be easily accessible to individuals without stable healthcare coverage. Therefore, Emergency Departments or urgent care centers are the most likely healthcare option for people living in poverty.

4. The nurse has a client who is being transferred to another floor right around change of shift. Which of the following actions is least appropriate?

A. Inform the staff on the other floor of any unresolved issues with the client.
B. Ask the charge nurse if overtime would be permitted to complete the client's transfer to the other floor.
C. Ask the new nurse to take care of the transfer since the client's medical record has all of the information, and a report should not be needed.
D. Complete the transfer paperwork before the client is transferred.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The least appropriate action in this scenario is to ask the new nurse to take care of the transfer without providing a full handoff of care. It is crucial to ensure a safe handoff during the transfer to maintain continuity of care and patient safety. Informing the staff on the other floor of any unresolved issues with the client (Choice A) is important for the client's well-being as it helps in providing comprehensive care. Asking the charge nurse about overtime (Choice B) demonstrates consideration for completing the task effectively, but it should not take precedence over ensuring a proper handoff. Completing the transfer paperwork before the client is transferred (Choice D) is necessary to ensure all documentation is in order, but it should be done in conjunction with providing a thorough handoff of care to the new nurse.

5. Which of the following vaccines contains a live virus?

A. varicella
B. IPV
C. DTaP
D. hepatitis B

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is varicella. Varicella vaccine contains a live, weakened form of the varicella-zoster virus. Choice B, IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine), is an inactivated vaccine, not a live virus vaccine. Choices C and D, DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine) and hepatitis B vaccine, respectively, do not contain live viruses. Varicella is the only live virus vaccine among the options.