NCLEX NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN 2023 Quizlet
1. What is the primary sign of displacement following a total hip replacement?
- A. pain on movement and weight bearing
- B. hemorrhage
- C. affected leg appearing 1–2 inches longer
- D. edema in the area of the incision
Correct answer: A: pain on movement and weight bearing
Rationale: The correct answer is pain on movement and weight bearing. This pain is the primary sign of prosthesis displacement after a total hip replacement, indicating pressure on nerves or muscles due to dislocation. Hemorrhage is not typically associated with prosthesis displacement. While the affected leg may appear longer, this is not the primary sign of displacement; it might actually be shorter due to muscle spasm. Edema in the incision area is not a primary indicator of prosthesis displacement.
2. A healthcare provider is assisting with data collection on a client for the major risk factors associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which modifiable risk factor does the healthcare provider obtain data on from the client?
- A. Age
- B. Ethnicity
- C. Hypertension
- D. Genetic inheritance
Correct answer: Hypertension
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Hypertension.' Risk factors for CAD are categorized as modifiable and unmodifiable. Unmodifiable risk factors include age, sex, ethnicity, genetic predisposition, and family history of heart disease. Modifiable risk factors include increased concentrations of serum lipids, hypertension, cigarette smoking, obesity, and level of physical activity. In this case, hypertension is a modifiable risk factor that the healthcare provider would obtain data on. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because age, ethnicity, and genetic inheritance are unmodifiable risk factors for CAD, not modifiable ones.
3. Which client is at risk for hypomagnesemia?
- A. Client with a history of heart disease
- B. Client taking magnesium-based antacids
- C. Client with a parathyroid disorder
- D. Client admitted with alcohol abuse
Correct answer: Client admitted with alcohol abuse
Rationale: The correct answer is the client admitted with alcohol abuse. Alcoholics tend to have poor nutrition due to decreased food intake, which is a common source of magnesium. Additionally, alcohol suppresses the release of ADH, leading to diuresis and magnesium loss. Choice A is incorrect because a history of heart disease does not directly increase the risk of hypomagnesemia. Choice B is incorrect as taking magnesium-based antacids would not put the client at risk for hypomagnesemia; in fact, it would help prevent it. Choice C is also incorrect as a parathyroid disorder is not typically associated with an increased risk of hypomagnesemia.
4. Which microorganism is most commonly associated with gastritis?
- A. Syphilis
- B. Cytomegalovirus
- C. H. pylori
- D. Mycobacterium
Correct answer: C
Rationale: H. pylori is the most common microorganism associated with gastritis, present in over 80% of cases. While syphilis, cytomegalovirus, and mycobacterium can also cause gastritis, they are much less prevalent compared to H. pylori. Therefore, the correct answer is H. pylori.
5. What are appropriate nursing strategies to assist a client in maintaining a sense of self?
- A. Addressing the client by their first name when interacting with them
- B. Treating the client with dignity
- C. Explaining procedures to the client regardless of their attentiveness
- D. Encouraging the use of personal items to foster a sense of identity
Correct answer: Treating the client with dignity
Rationale: Maintaining a sense of self is crucial for clients in healthcare settings. Treating the client with dignity is a fundamental nursing principle that helps preserve the client's self-worth and identity. Addressing the client by their first name when interacting with them is a way to show respect, but it alone may not significantly contribute to maintaining their sense of self. Explaining procedures to the client, regardless of their attentiveness, is essential for informed consent and autonomy, empowering them in their care. Encouraging the use of personal items can foster a sense of identity as these items often hold personal significance and emotional value for the client, thus supporting their sense of self; therefore, discouraging their use would be counterproductive in maintaining a client's sense of self.
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