NCLEX NCLEX-PN
Psychosocial Integrity Nclex PN Questions
1. A nurse notes that an elderly client suddenly does not keep appointments and is not wearing appropriate clothing. Which statement by the client raises the suspicion of financial abuse?
- A. “I am having difficulty paying for this new antibiotic the physician prescribed.”
- B. “I am a little short on cash since my daughter moved in to help me.”
- C. “I have not felt like shopping since the weather has gotten worse.”
- D. “People do not realize how difficult it is to make ends meet on a fixed income.”
Correct answer: “I am a little short on cash since my daughter moved in to help me.”
Rationale: The correct answer is B: “I am a little short on cash since my daughter moved in to help me.” This statement raises suspicion of financial abuse as it suggests a recent change in financial circumstances after the daughter moved in. Financial abuse in elderly clients can be indicated by sudden unexplained financial deficits or changes, such as difficulty paying for necessities despite previously being able to do so. Choices A, C, and D do not directly imply a recent financial change due to external factors, making them less indicative of potential financial abuse. Option B is the most concerning statement that warrants further investigation into possible financial exploitation.
2. A nurse is participating in a planning conference to improve dietary measures for an older client experiencing dysphagia. Which action should the nurse suggest including in the plan of care?
- A. Monitoring the client during meals to ensure that food is swallowed
- B. Encouraging the client to feed themselves
- C. Consulting with the physician regarding feeding through an enteral tube
- D. Ensuring that the diet consists of both solids and liquids
Correct answer: Monitoring the client during meals to ensure that food is swallowed
Rationale: For clients with dysphagia, ensuring successful swallowing of food and preventing aspiration is crucial. Therefore, the nurse should suggest monitoring the client closely during meals to provide assistance as needed. While a balanced diet is important, special considerations like adding thickeners for liquids may be required for dysphagia clients. Consulting with a physician about enteral tube feeding should be based on the severity of the condition, making it a premature step without clear indications. Encouraging self-feeding may not be appropriate for dysphagia clients who require close monitoring and assistance, as it could increase the risk of complications.
3. When assessing a client in the Emergency Department whose membranes have ruptured, the nurse notes that the fluid is a greenish color. What is the cause of this greenish coloration?
- A. blood
- B. meconium
- C. hydramnios
- D. caput
Correct answer: meconium
Rationale: The correct answer is B: meconium. Greenish amniotic fluid passed when the fetus is in a cephalic (head) presentation might indicate fetal distress. A fetus in the breech presentation passes meconium due to compression on the intestinal tract. Choice A, blood, is incorrect as blood in the amniotic fluid would present as a different color. Choice C, hydramnios, refers to an excess of amniotic fluid and would not cause the greenish coloration. Choice D, caput, is swelling of a newborn's scalp and is not related to the color of the amniotic fluid.
4. Why is starting a low CHO diet a contraindication for a client with renal insufficiency?
- A. As long as the client eats a minimum of 30g of CHO/day, there should be no problem.
- B. The client’s clinical condition is a contraindication to starting a low CHO diet.
- C. Calcium supplements should be utilized to prevent the development of osteoporosis while on a low CHO diet.
- D. As long as the client eats foods that are high biologic protein sources, a low CHO diet can be followed.
Correct answer: The client’s clinical condition is a contraindication to starting a low CHO diet.
Rationale: A client with renal insufficiency should not start a low CHO diet because it could result in an increased renal solute load. Clients with renal or liver disease require protein control in their diet to prevent complications. Proteins used must be of high biologic value, and protein intake is usually weight-based. Protein levels may be adjusted based on the client’s clinical condition. A minimum level of carbohydrates is needed in the diet to spare protein. Vitamin and mineral supplements might be needed for clients with liver failure. The dietician plays a crucial role in calculating specific nutrient requirements for these clients and monitoring outcomes in conjunction with the healthcare team. Choice A is incorrect because simply consuming a minimum amount of carbohydrates does not address the issue of increased renal solute load. Choice C is incorrect as calcium supplements are not the primary concern when considering a low CHO diet for a client with renal insufficiency. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on the contraindication of a low CHO diet for a client with renal insufficiency rather than just high biologic protein sources.
5. The graduate licensed practical nurse is assigned to care for the client on ventilator support, pending organ donation. Which goal should receive priority?
- A. Maintain the client’s systolic blood pressure at 70mmHg or greater
- B. Maintain the client’s urinary output greater than 300cc per hour
- C. Maintain the client’s body temperature above 33°F rectal
- D. Maintain the client’s hematocrit below 30%
Correct answer: Maintain the client’s systolic blood pressure at 70mmHg or greater
Rationale: When caring for a client on ventilator support pending organ donation, maintaining the systolic blood pressure at 70mmHg or greater is crucial to ensure a proper blood supply to the donor organ. This goal is a priority to maintain the viability of the organ for donation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are unnecessary and not directly related to the immediate goal of organ donation. Maintaining urinary output, body temperature, or hematocrit levels are not the primary concerns in this situation.
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