NCLEX NCLEX-PN
2024 PN NCLEX Questions
1. A nurse is assisting with data collection on the language development of a 9-month-old infant. Which developmental milestone does the nurse expect to note in an infant of this age?
- A. The infant babbles single consonants
- B. The infant babbles
- C. The infant says 'Mama.'
- D. The infant says 'Mama.'
Correct answer: The infant says 'Mama.'
Rationale: An 8- to 9-month-old infant can string vowels and consonants together. The first words, such as 'Mama,' 'Daddy,' 'bye-bye,' and 'baby,' begin to have meaning. A 1- to 3-month-old infant produces cooing sounds. Babbling is common in a 3- to 4-month-old. Single-consonant babbling occurs between 6 and 8 months of age. Therefore, the milestone of the infant saying 'Mama' is the most appropriate for a 9-month-old, indicating early language development. The other choices are developmentally inaccurate for a 9-month-old infant.
2. The nurse is caring for a client who is 28 weeks pregnant and complains of swollen hands and feet. Which symptom below would cause the greatest concern?
- A. Nasal congestion
- B. Hiccups
- C. Blood glucose of 150
- D. Muscle spasms
Correct answer: Muscle spasms
Rationale: The correct answer is muscle spasms because they can be indicative of a severe condition like preeclampsia, which is a serious complication during pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, most often the liver and kidneys. Nasal congestion and hiccups are common discomforts during pregnancy and do not pose a severe risk to the client or fetus. A blood glucose level of 150, while slightly elevated, may not be alarming in a pregnant individual and can be managed through dietary modifications or medication adjustments. Muscle spasms, especially in the context of pregnancy, should be taken seriously and thoroughly assessed to rule out any underlying serious conditions.
3. When making an occupied bed, what is important for the nurse to do?
- A. keep the bed in the low position.
- B. use a bath blanket or top sheet for warmth and privacy
- C. constantly keep side rails raised on both sides.
- D. move back and forth from one side to the other when adjusting the linens.
Correct answer: use a bath blanket or top sheet for warmth and privacy
Rationale: When making an occupied bed, using a bath blanket or top sheet is important as it keeps the client warm and provides privacy, ensuring their comfort and dignity. Keeping the bed in the low position is crucial for the safety of the client, preventing falls and injuries. Constantly keeping side rails raised on both sides is unnecessary and may restrict the client's movement unnecessarily. Moving back and forth from one side to the other when adjusting the linens is inefficient and disrupts the workflow; it is more effective to work systematically from one side to the other to ensure proper bed-making.
4. A nurse notes the presence of variable decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitor strip and suspects cord compression. The nurse should immediately perform which action?
- A. Insert a gloved finger into the mother's vagina to feel for cord compression
- B. Position the mother so that her hips are elevated
- C. Notify the registered nurse
- D. Perform a vaginal examination on the mother
Correct answer: Position the mother so that her hips are elevated
Rationale: When variable decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitor strip suggest cord compression, the immediate action the nurse should take is to reposition the mother to alleviate the compression. Elevating the mother's hips or changing her position can help shift the fetal presenting part and relieve pressure on the cord. This action aims to improve or resolve the variable decelerations. Contacting the registered nurse may be necessary, but it is not the immediate action required in this situation. Performing a vaginal examination is contraindicated due to the potential risk of further compromising blood flow through the umbilical cord. Inserting a gloved finger into the mother's vagina to feel for the cord is also not recommended as it poses a similar risk of exacerbating the situation.
5. The nurse is teaching a community health class for cancer prevention and screening. Which individual has the highest risk for colon cancer?
- A. Client with irritable bowel syndrome
- B. Family history of colon polyps
- C. Client with cirrhosis of the liver
- D. History of colon surgery
Correct answer: Family history of colon polyps
Rationale: A family history of colon polyps and/or colon cancer is a significant risk factor for developing colon cancer. Individuals with a family history are more likely to develop colon cancer due to genetic predisposition. While other factors like irritable bowel syndrome, cirrhosis of the liver, and history of colon surgery may contribute to an increased risk of colon cancer, having a family history of colon polyps is the highest risk factor. Irritable bowel syndrome does not directly increase the risk of colon cancer. Cirrhosis of the liver is associated with liver cancer rather than colon cancer. A history of colon surgery may reduce the risk of colon cancer in some cases by removing precancerous polyps.
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