NCLEX NCLEX-PN
Nclex Exam Cram Practice Questions
1. What condition is mammography used to detect?
- A. pain
- B. tumor
- C. edema
- D. epilepsy
Correct answer: tumor
Rationale: Mammography is specifically used to detect tumors or abnormal growths, especially in breast tissue. It is not a tool for identifying pain, edema, or epilepsy. Therefore, the correct answer is 'tumor.' Pain is a symptom, edema is swelling, and epilepsy is a neurological disorder; none of these are conditions typically detected through mammography.
2. A case manager is serving on a community task force on violence in schools. The members of the task force are planning to develop interventions to help prevent violence. According to the nursing process, which is the first activity that the case manager would suggest to the task force?
- A. Teaching schoolchildren about the dangers of school violence
- B. Conducting a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence
- C. Looking at what other communities are doing about school violence
- D. Distributing flyers that identify the causes of school violence to families in the community
Correct answer: Conducting a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence
Rationale: The correct answer is to conduct a community survey to assess community perceptions regarding school violence. In the nursing process, assessment is always the first step. By conducting a survey, the task force can gather important data about how the community perceives school violence, which is essential for developing effective interventions. Choices A, C, and D involve actions that come after the assessment phase. Teaching schoolchildren about the dangers of violence and distributing flyers are important activities but should come after understanding the community's perceptions and needs. Looking at what other communities are doing is valuable but should also follow a thorough assessment of the specific community's needs and perceptions.
3. During a well-baby examination, the nurse measures the head circumference, and it is the same as the chest circumference. On the basis of this measurement, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Document these measurements in the infant’s health care record.
- B. Tell the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected.
- C. Suggest to the health care provider that a skull x-ray be performed.
- D. Report the presence of hydrocephalus to the health care provider.
Correct answer: Document these measurements in the infant’s health care record.
Rationale: The head circumference growth rate during the first year is approximately 0.4 inches (1 cm) per month. By 10 to 12 months of age, the infant’s head and chest circumferences are equal. In this case, where the head circumference matches the chest circumference, it is a normal finding in infants around 10-12 months. Therefore, the most appropriate action is to document these measurements in the infant’s health care record. Suspecting hydrocephalus or suggesting a skull x-ray would be premature and not indicated based on this measurement. Similarly, telling the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected is not accurate and could cause unnecessary concern.
4. The nurse is teaching a client about erythema infectiosum. Which of the following factors is not correct?
- A. There is no rash.
- B. The disorder is uncommon in adults.
- C. There is no fever.
- D. There is sometimes a 'slapped face' appearance.
Correct answer: The disorder is uncommon in adults.
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The disorder is uncommon in adults.' Erythema infectiosum, also known as Fifth's disease, is more common in children than in adults. It typically presents with a rash on the face that gives a 'slapped cheek' or 'slapped face' appearance. Fever may be present, and there is a characteristic rash associated with the condition. Therefore, the statement 'The disorder is uncommon in adults' is incorrect, making it the correct answer. The other statements are true regarding erythema infectiosum, making them incorrect choices. There is indeed a rash associated with erythema infectiosum, which can be a prominent feature. Fever may also be present in individuals with this condition. Additionally, the 'slapped face' appearance is a classic characteristic of erythema infectiosum.
5. The nurse has a client who is being transferred to another floor right around change of shift. Which of the following actions is least appropriate?
- A. Inform the staff on the other floor of any unresolved issues with the client.
- B. Ask the charge nurse if overtime would be permitted to complete the client’s transfer to the other floor.
- C. Ask the new nurse to take care of the transfer since the client’s medical record has all of the information, and a report should not be needed.
- D. Complete the transfer paperwork before the client is transferred.
Correct answer: Ask the new nurse to take care of the transfer since the client’s medical record has all of the information, and a report should not be needed.
Rationale: The least appropriate action in this scenario is to ask the new nurse to take care of the transfer without providing a full handoff of care. It is crucial to ensure a safe handoff during the transfer to maintain continuity of care and patient safety. Informing the staff on the other floor of any unresolved issues with the client (Choice A) is important for the client's well-being as it helps in providing comprehensive care. Asking the charge nurse about overtime (Choice B) demonstrates consideration for completing the task effectively, but it should not take precedence over ensuring a proper handoff. Completing the transfer paperwork before the client is transferred (Choice D) is necessary to ensure all documentation is in order, but it should be done in conjunction with providing a thorough handoff of care to the new nurse.
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