NCLEX NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Test Bank
1. A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe accountability. Which statement(s) by the student indicate(s) an accurate description of accountability?
- A. Check the unit policy for the protocol for the care of clients who have been sexually assaulted.
- B. Ask a medical assistant.
- C. Call the nurse in charge of the day shift.
- D. Ask the police officers who brought the client to the center.
Correct answer: Check the unit policy for the protocol for the care of clients who have been sexually assaulted.
Rationale: Accountability in nursing involves taking responsibility for one's actions and decisions. In this scenario, checking the unit policy for the protocol related to the care of sexually assaulted clients demonstrates accountability. Policies and protocols provide guidance on appropriate actions and responsibilities in specific situations. Asking a medical assistant, calling the day shift nurse in charge, or consulting police officers are not appropriate actions to demonstrate accountability in this context. Seeking further clarification from the agency nursing supervisor on the night shift after reviewing the policy or protocol would be a more suitable course of action.
2. When performing an eye examination, which area can a healthcare provider best visualize using an ophthalmoscope?
- A. Iris
- B. Cornea
- C. Optic disc
- D. Conjunctiva
Correct answer: Optic disc
Rationale: An ophthalmoscope is a tool used to visualize the internal structures of the eye during an examination. The optic disc, located on the internal surface of the retina, can be best visualized using an ophthalmoscope. The iris, cornea, and conjunctiva are superficial structures that can be examined without the need for an ophthalmoscope. Therefore, the correct answer is the optic disc. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are external structures that can be examined directly without the use of an ophthalmoscope.
3. Which of the following actions should the LPN perform for a client with an active digoxin IV order? Select all that apply.
- A. Monitor ECG rhythm throughout administration.
- B. Administer the medication over at least 5 minutes.
- C. Monitor respirations during administration.
- D. Monitor the client’s pulse for 1 minute prior to administration.
Correct answer: A, D
Rationale: The correct actions for the LPN to perform for a client with an active digoxin IV order are to monitor ECG rhythm throughout administration and monitor the client’s pulse for 1 minute prior to administration. These actions are crucial as digoxin affects the heart's electrical activity, and it should not be administered if the client's pulse is less than 60 bpm. Monitoring respirations and blood pressure are not directly associated with digoxin administration. Administering IV medications is typically outside the LPN's scope of practice.
4. A client receiving drug therapy with furosemide and digitalis requires careful observation and care. In planning care for this client, the nurse should recognize that which of the following electrolyte imbalances is most likely to occur?
- A. hyperkalemia
- B. hypernatremia
- C. hypokalemia
- D. hypomagnesemia
Correct answer: hypokalemia
Rationale: When a client is receiving drug therapy with furosemide and digitalis, the nurse should anticipate the development of hypokalemia due to the potassium-wasting effects of furosemide. Hypokalemia can potentiate digitalis toxicity. While hyperkalemia is a concern with some medications, it is not typically associated with furosemide and digitalis. Furosemide can lead to hyponatremia, not hypernatremia, due to its diuretic effect. Hypomagnesemia, though a possible imbalance, is not the most likely to occur in this scenario as furosemide and digitalis are more commonly associated with hypokalemia.
5. During data collection of a client with suspected carpal tunnel syndrome, a nurse plans to perform the Phalen test. The nurse should ask the client to perform which activity?
- A. Dorsiflex the foot
- B. Plantarflex the foot
- C. Hold the hands back to back while flexing the wrists 90 degrees for 60 seconds
- D. Hyperextend the fingers with the palmar surfaces of the hands touching, holding the position for 60 seconds
Correct answer: Hold the hands back to back while flexing the wrists 90 degrees for 60 seconds
Rationale: In the Phalen test, the nurse asks the client to hold the hands back to back while flexing the wrists 90 degrees. This position puts pressure on the median nerve, eliciting symptoms in carpal tunnel syndrome. Dorsiflexing or plantarflexing the foot and hyperextending the fingers are not associated with testing for carpal tunnel syndrome. Acute flexion of the wrist for 60 seconds produces no symptoms in the normal hand.
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