NCLEX NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Exam Cram
1. A nurse is covering a pediatric unit and is responsible for a 15-year-old male patient on the floor. The mother of the child states, “I think my son is sexually interested in girls.” The most appropriate course of action for the nurse is to respond by stating:
- A. “I will talk to the doctor about it.”
- B. “Has this been going on for a while?”
- C. “How do you know this?”
- D. “Teenagers often exhibit signs of sexual interest in females.”
Correct answer: “Teenagers often exhibit signs of sexual interest in females.”
Rationale: The most appropriate response for the nurse in this situation is to acknowledge that teenagers often exhibit signs of sexual interest in females. This response normalizes the mother's concern and provides reassurance that such behavior is typical during adolescence. Option A deflects the conversation to the doctor without addressing the mother's concern directly. Option B focuses on the duration rather than addressing the mother's statement. Option C may come off as defensive or dismissive, questioning the mother's observation. Therefore, the best response is to acknowledge the normalcy of teenage behavior regarding sexual interest.
2. A 10-year-old boy has been diagnosed with a congenital heart defect. Which of the following clinical signs does not indicate CHF?
- A. Increased body weight
- B. Elevated heart rate
- C. Lower extremity edema
- D. Compulsive behavior
Correct answer: Compulsive behavior
Rationale: Compulsive behavior is not a clinical sign typically associated with congestive heart failure (CHF). CHF commonly presents with symptoms such as increased body weight due to fluid retention, elevated heart rate as the heart works harder to pump blood effectively, and lower extremity edema caused by fluid buildup. While behavioral changes can occur in response to illness, compulsive behavior is not a typical indicator of CHF. Choices A, B, and C are more commonly linked to CHF and should be monitored in patients with this condition.
3. A client had a colostomy done one day ago. Which of the following is an abnormal finding when assessing the stoma?
- A. mild edema
- B. minimal bleeding
- C. rose color
- D. dark red color
Correct answer: dark red color
Rationale: A dark red color is an abnormal finding when assessing the stoma as it indicates inadequate blood supply, possibly due to ischemia. Mild edema, minimal bleeding, and a rose color are expected findings one day post colostomy surgery. Mild edema can be present due to tissue trauma and inflammation, minimal bleeding can occur initially, and a healthy stoma typically appears pink to red, known as a rose color, indicating good blood supply and tissue perfusion. Therefore, the dark red color is the abnormal finding in this scenario.
4. A client is experiencing chest pain. Which statement made by the client indicates angina rather than a myocardial infarction?
- A. “I became dizzy when I stood up.”
- B. “I was nauseated and began vomiting.”
- C. “The pain started in my chest and stopped after I sat down.”
- D. “The pain began with a migraine and progressed to numbness in my left arm.”
Correct answer: “The pain started in my chest and stopped after I sat down.”
Rationale: The correct answer is: '“The pain started in my chest and stopped after I sat down.” This statement suggests angina rather than a myocardial infarction because angina is typically triggered by exertion or stress and relieved by rest. Nausea and vomiting (Choice B) are more commonly associated with a myocardial infarction. Choices A and D are not typical symptoms of either angina or myocardial infarction.
5. What intervention should the nurse take for a client who has sustained a hyphema?
- A. Instruct the client to wear eye protectors in the future
- B. Keep the client at bed rest, typically with the head of the bed propped up
- C. Apply atropine eyedrops
- D. Apply an ice pack to the site of injury
Correct answer: Keep the client at bed rest, typically with the head of the bed propped up
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client who has sustained a hyphema is to keep them at bed rest, usually with the head of the bed raised. This positioning helps to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent further damage or rebleeding. Instructing the client to wear eye protectors in the future (Choice A) is not the immediate intervention required for a hyphema. Applying atropine eyedrops (Choice C) is not typically indicated for a hyphema. Applying an ice pack to the site of injury (Choice D) is not recommended for a hyphema as it can increase the risk of rebleeding. Therefore, the correct answer is to keep the client at bed rest.
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