NCLEX NCLEX-PN
2024 PN NCLEX Questions
1. What is one of the main goals of Healthy People 2010?
- A. reduction of health care costs
- B. elimination of health disparities
- C. investigation of substance abuse
- D. determination of an acceptable morbidity rate
Correct answer: elimination of health disparities
Rationale: The main goal of Healthy People 2010 is the elimination of health disparities among the U.S. population. This initiative outlines specific objectives to improve the overall health of Americans by addressing disparities in health outcomes. Choice A, reduction of health care costs, is not the primary goal of Healthy People 2010, although it may be a beneficial outcome. Choice C, investigation of substance abuse, is not a main goal of Healthy People 2010; while substance abuse may be a factor in health disparities, the primary focus is on broader disparities. Choice D, determination of an acceptable morbidity rate, is not the main focus of Healthy People 2010; instead, it aims to address health disparities in different population groups.
2. What is the next step for a 64-year-old male diagnosed with COPD and CHF who shows a 10 lbs increase in total body weight over the last few days?
- A. Contact the patient’s physician immediately.
- B. Check the intake and output on the patient’s flow sheet.
- C. Encourage the patient to ambulate to reduce lower extremity edema.
- D. Check the patient’s vitals every 2 hours.
Correct answer: Check the intake and output on the patient’s flow sheet.
Rationale: In a patient with COPD and CHF experiencing a sudden increase in total body weight, the priority is to check the intake and output on the patient’s flow sheet to evaluate fluid balance. This assessment helps determine if the weight gain is due to fluid retention, which can exacerbate CHF. Contacting the physician may be necessary based on the intake and output findings. While encouraging ambulation is beneficial for circulation, it may not address the root cause of fluid retention. Checking vitals every 2 hours is important for monitoring stability but may not pinpoint the reason behind the weight gain.
3. The patient is inquiring about the use of a PCA pump for pain management. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional education?
- A. “I will continue to report my pain score during assessments.”
- B. “I understand that there is a maximum dose per hour that I can receive regardless of how many times I press the button.”
- C. “I believe this new PCA pump will finally alleviate my back pain.”
- D. “I have more control over when and how much medication I receive.”
Correct answer: “I believe this new PCA pump will finally alleviate my back pain.”
Rationale: The correct answer is, “I believe this new PCA pump will finally alleviate my back pain.” This statement indicates a need for additional education as it reflects an unrealistic expectation regarding pain management. It is essential for the patient to understand that while a PCA pump can provide effective pain relief, it may not completely eliminate pain. Option A is correct as it demonstrates the patient's understanding of the importance of reporting pain scores for proper pain management. Option B is correct as it shows the patient's awareness of the maximum dose limits to prevent overdose. Option D is correct as it highlights the patient's understanding of the control they have over their medication administration.
4. The nurse is educating a teenage female about preventing the transmission of genital herpes. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. “Do not sit on toilet seats without protection.”
- B. “Oral sex can transmit the virus.”
- C. “This infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when you do not feel ill.”
- D. “Try to drink plenty of fluids after sex to flush the reproductive tract.”
Correct answer: “This infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when you do not feel ill.”
Rationale: Genital herpes can be transmitted through oral, genital, and anal sex. It is crucial to educate the patient that the infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when asymptomatic to prevent its spread. Choice A is incorrect as sitting on toilet seats without protection does not transmit genital herpes. Choice B is incorrect because oral sex can transmit the virus. Choice D is also incorrect as drinking fluids after sex does not prevent the transmission of genital herpes.
5. While assisting with data collection regarding the neurological system, the nurse asks the client to puff out both cheeks. Which cranial nerve is the nurse assessing?
- A. Vagus
- B. Facial
- C. Abducens
- D. Oculomotor
Correct answer: Facial
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Facial. Assessment of cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) involves noting mobility and symmetry as the client performs various facial movements, including puffing out the cheeks. Cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) and cranial nerve X (vagus nerve) are tested together for different functions. The abducens, oculomotor, and trochlear nerves are assessed together for eye movements and pupil reactions, not cheek puffing.
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