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Psychosocial Integrity NCLEX Questions
1. Which basic principle of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) should a client with alcohol use disorder follow?
- A. Spouses should attend Al-Anon meetings.
- B. It is a commitment to focus on long-term goals.
- C. Amends must be made to each person who has been harmed.
- D. People have the power to overcome alcoholism if they truly want to stop drinking.
Correct answer: Amends must be made to each person who has been harmed.
Rationale: The correct answer is that amends must be made to each person who has been harmed. This principle is reflected in the eighth step of the 12 steps of AA, which involves making a list of all persons harmed and being willing to make amends to them. It is a fundamental principle of AA to address past harms and seek to rectify them. Choice A is incorrect because spouses attending Al-Anon meetings is not a basic principle of AA; it is a support group for family members of individuals with alcohol use disorder. Choice B is incorrect because while focusing on long-term goals can be beneficial, AA emphasizes taking one day at a time rather than committing to long-term goals. Choice D is incorrect because AA teaches that individuals struggling with alcoholism are powerless over their addiction and need to rely on a higher power rather than solely their willpower to overcome it.
2. When would chest thrusts be performed in an emergency situation?
- A. When performing CPR to initiate cardiovascular circulation.
- B. When assessing responsiveness of an unconscious patient.
- C. When assisting a pregnant woman who is choking.
- D. None of the above examples indicate the need for chest thrusts.
Correct answer: When assisting a pregnant woman who is choking.
Rationale: In the scenario of an emergency where a pregnant woman is choking, chest thrusts are performed to clear the airway obstruction. This technique is used instead of abdominal thrusts to avoid potential harm to the fetus. While chest thrusts are not as effective as abdominal thrusts in clearing obstructions, they are the preferred method in this specific situation. Choices A and B are incorrect as chest thrusts are not typically performed during CPR to initiate cardiovascular circulation or when assessing responsiveness of an unconscious patient. Choice D is incorrect as chest thrusts are indeed warranted when assisting a pregnant woman who is choking.
3. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority for a client at risk for falls in a hospital setting?
- A. Keep all of the side rails up
- B. Review prescribed medications
- C. Complete the “get up and go” test
- D. Place the bed in the lowest position
Correct answer: Place the bed in the lowest position
Rationale: The highest priority nursing intervention for a client at risk for falls in a hospital setting is to place the bed in the lowest position. This action ensures that the client falls the shortest distance, reducing the risk of injury. Keeping all side rails up (Option A) may lead to a fall with injury, as the client might attempt to get over the rail and fall from a higher distance. Reviewing prescribed medications (Option B) is important as certain medications can increase the risk of falling, but it is not the best answer as it is not applicable to all clients. Completing the “get up and go” test (Option C) can help assess a client’s risk for falling but does not directly prevent injury.
4. Which pathologic condition is described as 'increased intraocular pressure of the eye'?
- A. Detached Retina
- B. Fovea Centralis
- C. Presbyopia
- D. Glaucoma
Correct answer: D: Glaucoma
Rationale: The correct answer is Glaucoma. Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure in the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage, vision loss, and blindness if left untreated. Detached Retina (A), Fovea Centralis (B), and Presbyopia (C) are not conditions associated with increased intraocular pressure like Glaucoma. Detached Retina is a separation of the retina from its underlying tissue, Fovea Centralis is a part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision, and Presbyopia is an age-related condition affecting near vision due to the loss of flexibility in the eye's lens.
5. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
- A. Listen to a patient's lung sounds for wheezes or rhonchi.
- B. Label specimens obtained during percutaneous lung biopsy.
- C. Instruct a patient about how to use home spirometry testing.
- D. Measure induration at the site of a patient's intradermal skin test.
Correct answer: Label specimens obtained during percutaneous lung biopsy.
Rationale: Labeling specimens obtained during a percutaneous lung biopsy is a task that can be appropriately delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) as it does not require nursing judgment. UAP can perform this task safely under the supervision of a nurse. Listening to a patient's lung sounds for wheezes or rhonchi, instructing a patient about how to use home spirometry testing, and measuring induration at the site of a patient's intradermal skin test all require nursing judgment and interpretation of findings. These tasks should be performed by licensed nursing personnel to ensure accurate assessment and appropriate intervention.
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