NCLEX-RN
Safe and Effective Care Environment NCLEX RN Questions
1. Which of the following actions is most appropriate for reducing the risk of infection during the post-operative period?
- A. Flush the central line with heparin at least every four hours
- B. Administer narcotic analgesics as needed
- C. Remove the urinary catheter as soon as the client is ambulatory
- D. Order a high-protein diet for the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate action to reduce the risk of infection during the post-operative period is to remove the urinary catheter as soon as the client is ambulatory. Urinary catheters can serve as a source of bacteria, increasing the risk of infection in the bladder or urethra. By removing the catheter promptly once the client is mobile, the risk of infection can be minimized. Option A, flushing the central line with heparin, is not directly related to reducing urinary tract infections. Option B, administering narcotic analgesics as needed, is important for pain management but does not directly address infection prevention. Option D, ordering a high-protein diet, may be beneficial for wound healing but does not specifically target infection risk reduction in the post-operative period.
2. A home health nurse is preparing to visit her next client, whom she has never visited before. Which of the following actions indicates the nurse is upholding safety precautions?
- A. Send a text to the client to confirm the location of the house
- B. Leave her purse and valuables on the seat in the car and lock the doors
- C. Ask the client to keep an extra set of keys in case the car is locked
- D. Keep the car windows rolled up when in an unfamiliar environment
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep the car windows rolled up when in an unfamiliar environment. This action helps uphold safety precautions for the home health nurse. When visiting a new client in an unfamiliar area, it is essential to ensure personal safety. Keeping the car windows rolled up can prevent potential intruders or unwanted individuals from gaining access to the nurse while in the vehicle. This precaution is important for personal safety and security. Choice A, sending a text to the client to confirm the location of the house, is not directly related to the nurse's safety during the visit. While communication with the client is important, it does not directly address the nurse's safety. Choice B, leaving her purse and valuables on the seat in the car, poses a security risk. It is not advisable to leave valuables visible in the car, as it may attract thieves and compromise the nurse's safety. Choice C, asking the client to keep an extra set of keys, is more related to accessibility and convenience rather than the nurse's safety. While having an extra set of keys may be helpful, it does not directly address safety precautions for the nurse.
3. According to the American Heart Association standards, high-quality CPR for an adult includes all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. Push hard
- B. Push fast
- C. Allow chest recoil between compressions
- D. Pause CPR as each drug is administered
Correct answer: D
Rationale: High-quality CPR for adults should not be paused for drug administration. The correct CPR technique involves pushing hard and fast, at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute and to a depth of at least 2 inches. It is also essential to allow chest recoil between compressions to enable proper blood circulation. Pausing CPR for drug administration would delay the delivery of continuous chest compressions, which are crucial for maintaining blood flow and oxygenation during cardiac arrest.
4. A client has just started a transfusion of packed red blood cells that a physician ordered. Which of the following signs may indicate a transfusion reaction?
- A. The client suddenly complains of back pain and has chills
- B. The client develops dependent edema in the extremities
- C. The client has a seizure
- D. The client's heart rate drops to 60 bpm
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is when the client suddenly complains of back pain and has chills. Signs of a transfusion reaction include back pain, chills, dizziness, increased temperature, and blood in the urine. These signs indicate a possible adverse reaction to the blood transfusion. Dependent edema in the extremities is not typically associated with a transfusion reaction. A seizure is not a common sign of a transfusion reaction unless it is due to severe complications. A decrease in heart rate to 60 bpm is not a typical sign of a transfusion reaction, but rather bradycardia may indicate other underlying conditions or medications.
5. A client is being transferred from a bed to a wheelchair. Which action is essential to maintain client safety in this situation?
- A. Position the wheelchair at the foot of the bed
- B. Maintain a space of at least 12 inches between the wheelchair and the bed
- C. Place the footplates in the lowest position before transferring the client
- D. Lock both wheels on the wheelchair before moving the client
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When transferring a client from a bed to a wheelchair, it is crucial to prioritize client safety. Locking both wheels on the wheelchair before moving the client is essential as it adds stability and prevents the wheelchair from moving unexpectedly during the transfer process. Placing the wheelchair at the foot of the bed allows for easier transfer, but ensuring the wheels are locked is more critical for safety. Maintaining a 12-inch space between the wheelchair and the bed is not as essential as ensuring wheel locks are engaged. While placing the footplates in the lowest position can enhance client comfort, it is not a safety measure that is as critical as securing the wheelchair by locking its wheels before the transfer.
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