NCLEX-RN
Safe and Effective Care Environment NCLEX RN Questions
1. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of platelets to a client. Which of the following actions must the healthcare professional perform before giving the platelets?
- A. Start an IV of 0.9% Normal Saline to administer with the platelets
- B. Ensure the container with the platelets is intact and not damaged
- C. Verify the client's identity using two unique identifiers
- D. Check the client's chart to ensure no contraindications to platelet transfusion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Before administering platelets, it is crucial to check the integrity of the container holding the blood product. An intact container ensures the sterility and safety of the platelets, minimizing the risk of contamination or infection. Option A is incorrect as administering platelets typically does not require starting a new IV line unless indicated for the specific patient. Option C is not the priority as verifying the client's identity can be done at any point during the administration process but is not specific to the platelet transfusion itself. Option D, checking the client's chart for antibiotic use, is not directly related to ensuring the safety of the blood product container.
2. You are taking care of a patient who has active TB. The patient has been put on airborne precautions and is in a special room. You must wear a HEPA mask when you enter the room. Now, the patient has to leave the room and go to the radiology department. How can you transport this patient to the radiology department without spreading TB throughout the hospital?
- A. Have everyone along the route to the radiology department wear a HEPA mask.
- B. Have patients along the route to the radiology department wear a HEPA mask.
- C. Have staff along the route to the radiology department wear a HEPA mask.
- D. Place a HEPA mask on the patient.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: To prevent the spread of TB throughout the hospital, it is essential to place a HEPA mask on the patient before transporting them to the radiology department. Expecting everyone along the route to wear a HEPA mask is not practical due to the high cost and the need for special fittings. Having patients or staff wear HEPA masks along the route is also not feasible and may not effectively contain the spread of TB.
3. Which principle of body mechanics may help to reduce the risk of a back injury?
- A. Maintain a wide base of support
- B. Bend from the knees, not the waist
- C. Keep the back straight while lifting
- D. Push or pull objects rather than lifting
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Proper body mechanics are crucial to prevent injuries, especially for professions involving lifting and moving objects. Keeping the back straight while lifting is essential to reduce the risk of back injuries as it helps maintain the spine's natural alignment and prevents excessive strain on the back muscles. Choosing choices A, B, and D would increase the risk of back injury. Maintaining a wide base of support provides stability, bending from the knees instead of the waist protects the lower back, and pushing or pulling objects reduces the strain on the back muscles, all contributing to preventing back injuries.
4. Mr. and Mrs. K have just adopted a newborn infant and are preparing to take him home from the hospital for the first time. Which safety measure is most appropriate for the clients in this situation?
- A. Turn the handles of pans on the stove inward
- B. Set up a baby gate at the top of the stairs
- C. Cover electrical outlets with child-proof plugs
- D. Install an approved car seat that is facing backward in the back seat
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Parents of newborn infants should use an approved car seat that has been installed facing backward in the back seat of the car. Securing infants in car seats, even from the first ride home from the hospital, promotes safety while transporting. While safety measures at home such as baby gates or outlet covers are important, they are not the priority safety measures until the baby is old enough to be mobile. The car seat is crucial for protecting the newborn during transportation, ensuring proper positioning and restraint in the event of sudden stops or accidents. Turning handles of pans on the stove inward, setting up a baby gate, and covering electrical outlets are important safety measures at home but are not as critical for the immediate safety of a newborn during transportation.
5. A nurse is caring for newborn infants in a nursery when a man enters the area to take his baby back to the room. The man does not have an identification bracelet, and the nurse does not recognize him. What is the next action of the nurse?
- A. Call security and ask them to escort the man out of the nursery
- B. Ask the man to wait and check the infant's chart
- C. Ask the man to return to his room and bring an identification band
- D. Allow the man to take the baby to his room
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The safety of infants in newborn nurseries is maintained by requiring parents to wear identification bracelets to identify themselves as the rightful parents. This practice minimizes the risk of mistakenly allowing an unauthorized individual to take a baby. In this scenario, since the nurse does not recognize the man and he lacks an identification bracelet, the appropriate action is to ask him to return to his room and bring the identification band. This step ensures the proper identity verification before allowing the man to take the baby. Calling security without first verifying the man's identity may escalate the situation unnecessarily. Checking the infant's chart alone does not confirm the man's identity. Allowing the man to take the baby without proper verification poses a safety risk to the infant.
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