NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Prep
1. What term is used to refer to generalized wasting of body tissues and malnutrition?
- A. Entropion
- B. Confabulation
- C. Induration
- D. Cachexia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cachexia is the correct term used to describe the generalized wasting of body tissues, ill health, and malnutrition associated with some chronic diseases. It involves a loss of fat tissue to protect the bones and joints. Clients with cachexia are at risk of pressure ulcers and other complications due to malnutrition and poor health. Entropion refers to an eyelid condition, confabulation is a memory disturbance, and induration is the abnormal hardening of a part of the body.
2. A nursing care plan states, 'Assist the patient to the bedside commode PRN.' When will this patient get this assistance to the commode?
- A. Whenever needed
- B. At bedtime
- C. During the night
- D. During the day
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Whenever needed.' The abbreviation 'PRN' stands for 'pro re nata,' which translates to 'as needed' or 'whenever necessary.' This means that the patient will receive assistance to the commode whenever they require it, based on their individual needs and condition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because 'PRN' does not specify a specific time like bedtime, during the night, or during the day; instead, it indicates assistance based on the patient's needs.
3. In which of the following ways can a nurse promote sleep for a client experiencing insomnia?
- A. Assist the client in using the bathroom one hour after going to bed
- B. Give the client a massage before bedtime
- C. Tuck bed sheets and blankets tightly around the client once settled in bed
- D. Give the client a pair of socks to wear if their feet become cold
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A nurse can promote sleep for a client experiencing insomnia by addressing factors that may hinder sleep. Cold feet can disrupt sleep, so providing the client with socks to keep their feet warm can enhance comfort and aid in promoting sleep. The correct answer focuses on a direct intervention to address a specific issue that can impact sleep quality. Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the issue of cold feet, which is a common problem that can interfere with sleep in individuals with insomnia. Assisting the client to use the bathroom, giving a massage in the morning, or tucking in bed sheets tightly do not target the discomfort caused by cold feet, making them less effective interventions for promoting sleep in this scenario.
4. A client is diagnosed with ariboflavinosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse serve this client?
- A. Citrus fruits
- B. Milk
- C. Fish
- D. Potatoes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ariboflavinosis is a vitamin B-2 deficiency. Symptoms may include cracks around the mouth, inflammation of the tongue, or light sensitivity. Foods rich in vitamin B-2, like milk, liver, green vegetables, or whole grains, are recommended. Citrus fruits (choice A) are good sources of vitamin C, not B-2. Fish (choice C) is a source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids but not a significant source of vitamin B-2. Potatoes (choice D) are a source of carbohydrates but do not provide high levels of vitamin B-2.
5. A client is complaining of pain that starts in the shoulder and travels down the length of his arm. This type of pain is referred to as:
- A. Referred pain
- B. Superficial pain
- C. Radiating pain
- D. Precipitating pain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Radiating pain is the correct term for pain that originates in one part of the body and extends to other related areas. In this scenario, the pain starting in the shoulder and traveling down the arm describes radiating pain. Referred pain (Choice A) is pain felt at a site different from the actual origin of the pain. Superficial pain (Choice B) is pain that arises from the skin or tissues just beneath it. Precipitating pain (Choice D) refers to pain that is triggered by specific actions or events, not the characteristic described in the question.
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