NCLEX NCLEX-PN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX PN Questions
1. While assisting with data collection on a client, a nurse hears a bruit over the abdominal aorta. What action should the nurse prioritize based on this finding?
- A. Document the finding
- B. Palpate the area for a mass
- C. Notify the healthcare provider
- D. Percuss the abdomen to check for tympany
Correct answer: Notify the healthcare provider
Rationale: Detection of a bruit over the aorta during abdominal assessment may indicate the presence of an aneurysm. The nurse's priority action should be to notify the healthcare provider to further evaluate the situation. Palpating the area or percussing the abdomen could potentially increase the risk of an aneurysm rupture. While documenting the finding is important, the priority is to ensure timely intervention by involving the healthcare provider.
2. Which of the following home-care strategies is most likely to negatively impact the body image of a client with Cushing’s syndrome?
- A. providing safety measures to prevent falls
- B. taking medications as prescribed
- C. wearing a medical ID indicating Cushing’s syndrome
- D. having regular health assessments
Correct answer: wearing a medical ID indicating Cushing’s syndrome
Rationale: All of the strategies listed are essential components of home care for a client with Cushing’s syndrome. However, wearing a medical ID indicating Cushing’s syndrome is the correct answer as it can have a negative impact on body image. This choice may constantly remind the client of their condition, potentially affecting their self-image and confidence. On the contrary, providing safety measures to prevent falls (Choice A) would enhance body image by promoting safety and preventing injuries. Taking medications as prescribed (Choice B) is likely to improve body image by managing symptoms effectively. Having regular health assessments (Choice D) demonstrates good self-care and can positively contribute to body image by showing a commitment to maintaining health.
3. A patient has experienced a severe third-degree burn to the trunk in the last 36 hours. Which phase of burn management is the patient in?
- A. Shock phase
- B. Emergent phase
- C. Healing phase
- D. Wound proliferation phase
Correct answer: A: Shock phase
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shock phase. The shock phase occurs within the first 24-48 hours of burn management. During this phase, the focus is on stabilization, fluid resuscitation, and monitoring for potential complications. Choice B, the Emergent phase, is incorrect as it refers to the initial phase of burn care immediately after the injury. Choice C, the Healing phase, occurs later in the treatment process when the wound starts to repair itself. Choice D, the Wound proliferation phase, is not a recognized phase in burn management.
4. What is a predisposing factor for cancer of the tongue?
- A. tobacco use
- B. obesity
- C. sun exposure
- D. eating sweets
Correct answer: tobacco use
Rationale: Tobacco use is a well-established predisposing factor for cancer of the tongue. Smoking or chewing tobacco can lead to the development of oral cancers, including those affecting the tongue. Obesity, sun exposure, and eating sweets are not directly linked to an increased risk of tongue cancer. Obesity may be associated with other types of cancer, sun exposure can lead to skin cancer, and eating sweets is not a known risk factor for tongue cancer. Therefore, the correct answer is tobacco use, as it has a strong association with the development of tongue cancer, making it a significant predisposing factor.
5. A client has rectal cancer and is scheduled for an abdominal perineal resection. What should be the priority nursing care during the post-op period?
- A. Teaching perineal wound care techniques
- B. Monitoring electrolyte levels
- C. Encouraging early ambulation
- D. Facilitating perineal wound drainage
Correct answer: D: Facilitating perineal wound drainage
Rationale: The priority nursing care during the post-op period for a client who underwent an abdominal perineal resection is to facilitate perineal wound drainage. This is crucial for preventing infection of the surgical site and promoting healing. Teaching perineal wound care techniques, as in choice A, is more appropriate than ileostomy care in this scenario. While monitoring electrolyte levels is important, it is not the priority compared to ensuring proper wound drainage, making choice B less crucial. Encouraging early ambulation, as in choice C, is beneficial but not as critical as facilitating wound drainage immediately post-op.
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